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Tag: Mental Health

  • Redefining Work in a Post-Scarcity World: A New Dawn for Human Purpose and Connection

    Redefining Work in a Post-Scarcity World: A New Dawn for Human Purpose and Connection

    Exploring the Evolution of Work, Motivation, and Meaning When Survival Is No Longer the Drive

    Prepared by: Gerald A. Daquila, PhD. Candidate

    11–16 minutes

    ABSTRACT

    In a post-scarcity world, where basic needs are met, and equality in resources and power is the norm, the nature of work transforms from a necessity to a choice. This dissertation explores how such a world reshapes human existence, motivation, and psychology. Drawing on multidisciplinary research from psychology, sociology, economics, philosophy, and anthropology, it examines what happens when work is no longer tied to survival, who will perform essential tasks, and how people will find meaning, combat boredom, and redefine achievement.

    The narrative balances logical analysis with imaginative exploration, weaving insights into a cohesive vision of a future where competition fades, collaboration thrives, and human potential is redefined. The new psychology of work emphasizes intrinsic motivation, creativity, and social connection, upending scarcity-driven mindsets while amplifying the pursuit of purpose and self-expression. This work offers a hopeful yet critical perspective on how humanity might navigate this uncharted territory.

    Table of Contents

    1. Introduction: Imagining a World Without Want
    2. The Post-Scarcity Paradigm: A New Economic and Social Reality
    3. The Transformation of Work: From Necessity to Choice
      • Who Will Do the “Basic Stuff”?
      • Automation and the Division of Labor
    4. Motivation in a Post-Scarcity World
      • Intrinsic vs. Extrinsic Motivation
      • The Role of Meaning and Purpose
    5. Filling Time and Fighting Boredom
      • The Psychology of Leisure
      • Creative and Social Pursuits
    6. The End of Competition: A Shift in Human Relationships
      • Collaboration and Empathy
      • Redefining Power and Status
    7. The Search for Meaning and Achievement
      • New Definitions of Success
      • The Role of Challenges and Growth
    8. The New Psychology of a Post-Scarcity World
      • Upended Psychologies: Scarcity Mindset and Survival Instincts
      • Magnified Psychologies: Creativity and Connection
      • Obsolete Psychologies: Fear and Envy
    9. Implications for Human Existence
      • A Life of Flourishing
      • Potential Challenges and Risks
    10. Conclusion: Embracing the New Nature of Work
    11. Glossary
    12. References

    1. Introduction: Imagining a World Without Want

    Imagine a world where no one worries about food, shelter, or healthcare. Machines handle most mundane tasks, resources are abundant, and everyone has equal access to wealth and opportunities. This is the vision of a post-scarcity world—a theoretical future where technological advancements and equitable systems eliminate material deprivation. But what happens to work in such a world? When survival no longer depends on labor, how do we spend our days? What drives us to get out of bed, create, or contribute? And how does this shift reshape our minds, relationships, and sense of purpose?

    This dissertation dives into these questions, exploring the nature of work when it becomes a choice, not a necessity. It draws on insights from psychology, sociology, economics, philosophy, and anthropology to paint a picture of a future where equality is the norm, competition fades, and human potential takes center stage. The narrative balances clear reasoning with creative storytelling, aiming to engage both the analytical mind and the imaginative heart. By examining how work, motivation, and psychology evolve, we uncover what it means to be human in a world free from want.

    Glyph of Stewardship

    Stewardship is the covenant of trust that multiplies abundance for All.

    2. The Post-Scarcity Paradigm: A New Economic and Social Reality

    A post-scarcity world, as described by futurists, is one where advanced technologies—such as automation, artificial intelligence, and self-replicating machines—produce goods and services in abundance with minimal human labor (Wikipedia, 2005). Basic needs like food, housing, and healthcare are met for all, and resources are distributed equitably, reducing disparities in wealth and power. This vision, rooted in economic theories of abundance, challenges the scarcity-driven frameworks that have shaped human societies for centuries.

    Philosophers like Hannah Arendt (1958) distinguish between labor (tasks for survival), work (creative endeavors), and action (social and political engagement). In a post-scarcity world, labor diminishes, freeing humans for work and action. Economists like John Maynard Keynes (1930) predicted that technological progress could lead to a 15-hour workweek, with leisure becoming a central part of life. Yet, as sociologist Ana Dinerstein and Frederick Pitts (2021) argue, capitalism often resists post-scarcity by reinforcing work as a central mechanism of control, suggesting that societal structures must evolve to embrace this new reality.

    3. The Transformation of Work: From Necessity to Choice

    Who Will Do the “Basic Stuff”?

    In a post-scarcity world, essential tasks like cleaning, farming, or infrastructure maintenance are likely handled by automation. Advances in robotics and AI can perform repetitive jobs efficiently, as seen in current trends where machines already manage tasks like warehouse logistics or agricultural harvesting (Frey & Osborne, 2017). For tasks requiring human touch—such as caregiving or artisanal crafts—people may choose to participate out of passion or social value, not obligation.

    Communities might organize voluntary systems where individuals contribute to essential tasks for a few hours a week, motivated by social bonds or personal fulfillment. Anthropologist Marshall Sahlins (1972) points to hunter-gatherer societies, where limited needs and shared responsibilities created a form of “original affluence,” suggesting that humans can sustain equitable systems without coercive labor.

    Automation and the Division of Labor

    Automation doesn’t eliminate work; it redefines it. As machines take over routine tasks, humans shift toward creative, intellectual, or relational work. Studies from organizational psychology highlight that people thrive in roles offering autonomy and purpose (Deci & Ryan, 2000). In a post-scarcity world, jobs could resemble passion projects—think artists, educators, or community organizers—where individuals choose roles that align with their interests.

    However, not all tasks will be glamorous. To ensure fairness, societies might use rotating schedules or incentives like social recognition to encourage participation in less desirable roles. The Hawthorne experiments (Mayo, 1933) showed that workers perform better when they feel valued, suggesting that respect and community could motivate contributions even in a world without financial need.

    4. Motivation in a Post-Scarcity World

    Intrinsic vs. Extrinsic Motivation

    When survival is guaranteed, extrinsic motivators like money or status lose their grip. Self-Determination Theory (Deci & Ryan, 2000) emphasizes intrinsic motivation—driven by autonomy, competence, and relatedness—as key to human flourishing. In a post-scarcity world, people might work to express creativity, master skills, or connect with others. For example, someone might teach because they love sharing knowledge, not because they need a paycheck.

    Research on meaningful work shows that employees value purpose over pay (Nikolova & Cnossen, 2020). In a post-scarcity society, this trend amplifies, with people gravitating toward roles that feel impactful, like environmental restoration or mentoring youth.

    The Role of Meaning and Purpose

    Meaning becomes the cornerstone of work. Philosopher Blaise Pascal (1670) wrote that humans struggle with “nothingness” and “infinity,” seeking purpose to anchor their existence. In a post-scarcity world, work could serve as a canvas for self-expression, whether through art, innovation, or community service. Surveys show that 22% of young workers already find their jobs meaningless, suggesting a hunger for purpose that a post-scarcity world could fulfill by prioritizing impactful roles (Deloitte, 2018).

    5. Filling Time and Fighting Boredom

    The Psychology of Leisure

    Without the pressure to work, people might face an abundance of time—and the risk of boredom. Psychological research suggests that humans crave structure and challenge (Wiese, 2007). Leisure in a post-scarcity world could involve learning new skills, exploring hobbies, or engaging in sports, which provide excitement and growth. Historical examples, like the ancient Greeks’ emphasis on leisure for philosophy and art, show that free time can fuel creativity when guided by curiosity.

    Creative and Social Pursuits

    People may fill their days with creative outlets like writing, music, or coding, or social activities like volunteering or storytelling. Gallup’s 2023 survey found that 65% of workers experience negative emotions from disengaged jobs, hinting that meaningful activities could replace unfulfilling labor. Online platforms already show this trend, with communities forming around shared passions like open-source software or fan fiction.

    To combat boredom, societies might encourage lifelong learning or gamified challenges, where people compete for fun, not survival. The popularity of competitive sports, even without material stakes, suggests humans enjoy striving for mastery (Thedin Jakobsson, 2014).

    6. The End of Competition: A Shift in Human Relationships

    Collaboration and Empathy

    In a post-scarcity world, competition for resources fades, fostering collaboration. Psychological studies on scarcity show it triggers a competitive mindset, reducing generosity (Roux et al., 2015). Without scarcity, empathy and cooperation could flourish, as seen in experiments where resource abundance increases altruistic behavior (Bauer et al., 2014). People might treat others with greater kindness, valuing relationships over status.

    Redefining Power and Status

    Power dynamics shift when material wealth is irrelevant. Status could come from contributions to knowledge, art, or community, as suggested by organizational psychologists who argue that respect is a powerful motivator (Cleveland et al., 2015). Instead of wealth-based hierarchies, societies might celebrate those who inspire or uplift others, like teachers or creators.

    Glyph of Redefining Work

    In a Post-Scarcity World — a new dawn for human purpose and connection, where labor becomes expression and service to the whole

    7. The Search for Meaning and Achievement

    New Definitions of Success

    Without poverty, achievement is no longer about climbing social ladders. Instead, success might mean personal growth, creative output, or societal impact. Positive psychology emphasizes that humans thrive when pursuing goals that align with their values (Seligman, 2011). In a post-scarcity world, people might set ambitious goals, like mastering a craft or solving global challenges, driven by curiosity rather than necessity.

    The Role of Challenges and Growth

    Challenges remain essential. Research shows that overcoming obstacles is rewarding, as seen in the appeal of sports or puzzles (Wiese, 2007). In a post-scarcity world, people might seek “chosen challenges,” like learning a new language or exploring space, to feel alive and purposeful. These pursuits replace survival-driven striving with self-directed growth.

    8. The New Psychology of a Post-Scarcity World

    Upended Psychologies: Scarcity Mindset and Survival Instincts

    Scarcity theory suggests that poverty narrows focus, draining mental energy (Mullainathan & Shafir, 2013). In a post-scarcity world, this mindset dissolves, freeing cognitive resources for creativity and long-term thinking. Survival instincts, like fear of deprivation, become less relevant, allowing people to prioritize exploration over self-preservation.

    Magnified Psychologies: Creativity and Connection

    Creativity and social bonds take center stage. Studies show that autonomy and relatedness boost well-being (Deci & Ryan, 2000). In a post-scarcity world, people may channel energy into artistic expression or community-building, as these fulfill deep psychological needs. The rise of collaborative platforms like Wikipedia hints at this potential.

    Obsolete Psychologies: Fear and Envy

    Fear of scarcity and envy of others’ resources lose their grip. Research on resource scarcity shows it fuels selfish behavior (Roux et al., 2015). In abundance, these emotions fade, replaced by gratitude and generosity. However, new challenges, like existential boredom or lack of purpose, could emerge, requiring new psychological frameworks.

    9. Implications for Human Existence

    A Life of Flourishing

    A post-scarcity world offers a chance for flourishing—living in alignment with one’s potential. Positive psychology suggests that meaning, engagement, and relationships drive well-being (Seligman, 2011). Work becomes a tool for self-expression, not survival, fostering a sense of purpose and joy.

    Potential Challenges and Risks

    Challenges remain. Without structure, some may struggle with aimlessness, as seen in studies of unemployed individuals who report lower well-being despite financial security (Guthridge et al., 2022). Societies must create systems—like education or community projects—to channel human energy. Inequality could also persist in non-material forms, such as access to recognition or influence, requiring careful design of social systems.

    10. Conclusion: Embracing the New Nature of Work

    In a post-scarcity world, work transforms from a means of survival to a canvas for creativity, connection, and growth. People will likely choose roles that spark joy or serve others, motivated by purpose rather than need. Automation handles routine tasks, while humans explore their passions, combat boredom through learning, and build empathetic communities.

    The psychology of scarcity fades, replaced by a focus on flourishing and collaboration. Yet, challenges like aimlessness or new forms of inequality require proactive solutions.

    This vision invites us to rethink what it means to be human. Work, once a burden, becomes a gift—a way to express who we are and connect with others. By embracing this future, we can craft a world where everyone has the freedom to create, explore, and thrive.

    Crosslinks

    11. Glossary

    • Post-Scarcity: A theoretical state where goods and services are abundant, and basic needs are met with minimal labor.
    • Intrinsic Motivation: The drive to act based on personal interest or enjoyment, not external rewards.
    • Extrinsic Motivation: The drive to act based on external rewards, like money or status.
    • Automation: The use of technology to perform tasks without human intervention.
    • Flourishing: A state of optimal well-being, characterized by purpose, engagement, and positive relationships.
    • Scarcity Mindset: A psychological state where limited resources narrow focus and increase stress.

    12. References

    Arendt, H. (1958). The human condition. University of Chicago Press.

    Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2000). The “what” and “why” of goal pursuits: Human needs and the self-determination of behavior. Psychological Inquiry, 11(4), 227–268. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327965PLI1104_01

    Deloitte. (2018). Voice of the workforce in Europe: European workforce survey. https://www2.deloitte.com/content/dam/Deloitte/uk/Documents/consultancy/deloitte-uk-voice-of-the-workers-europe.pdf[](https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/psychology/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1198424/full)

    Dinerstein, A. C., & Pitts, F. H. (2021). A world beyond work? Labour, money and the capitalist state between crisis and utopia. Emerald Publishing.

    Frey, C. B., & Osborne, M. A. (2017). The future of employment: How susceptible are jobs to computerisation? Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 114, 254–280. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2016.08.019

    Keynes, J. M. (1930). Economic possibilities for our grandchildren. In Essays in persuasion (pp. 358–373). Palgrave Macmillan.

    Mayo, E. (1933). The human problems of an industrial civilization. Macmillan.

    Mullainathan, S., & Shafir, E. (2013). Scarcity: Why having too little means so much. Times Books.

    Nikolova, M., & Cnossen, F. (2020). What makes work meaningful and why economists should care about it. Labour Economics, 65, 101847. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.labeco.2020.101847[](https://www.researchgate.net/publication/373861785_Searching_for_meaning_in_a_post-scarcity_society_Implications_for_creativity_and_job_design)

    Roux, C., Goldsmith, K., & Bonezzi, A. (2015). On the psychology of scarcity: When reminders of resource scarcity promote selfish (and generous) behavior. Journal of Consumer Research, 42(4), 615–631. https://doi.org/10.1093/jcr/ucv048[](https://www.researchgate.net/publication/282593430_On_the_Psychology_of_Scarcity_When_Reminders_of_Resource_Scarcity_Promote_Selfish_and_Generous_Behavior)

    Sahlins, M. (1972). Stone age economics. Aldine Transaction.

    Seligman, M. E. P. (2011). Flourishing: A visionary new understanding of happiness and well-being. Free Press.

    Thedin Jakobsson, B. (2014). What makes teenagers continue? On the importance of motivation in sports. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 24(S1), 36–42. https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.12263[](https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/psychology/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1198424/full)

    Wikipedia. (2005). Post-scarcity. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post-scarcity[](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post-scarcity)

    Attribution

    With fidelity to the Oversoul, may this Codex of the Living Archive serve as bridge, remembrance, and seed for the planetary dawn.

    Ⓒ 2025 Gerald Alba Daquila – Flameholder of SHEYALOTH | Keeper of the Living Codices

    Issued under Oversoul Appointment, governed by Akashic Law. This transmission is a living Oversoul field: for the eyes of the Flameholder first, and for the collective in right timing. It may only be shared intact, unaltered, and with glyphs, seals, and attribution preserved. Those not in resonance will find it closed; those aligned will receive it as living frequency.

    Watermark: Universal Master Key glyph (final codex version, crystalline glow, transparent background).

    Sacred Exchange: Sacred Exchange is covenant, not transaction. Each offering plants a seed-node of GESARA, expanding the planetary lattice. In giving, you circulate Light; in receiving, you anchor continuity. Every act of exchange becomes a node in the global web of stewardship, multiplying abundance across households, nations, and councils. Sacred Exchange offerings may be extended through:

    paypal.me/GeraldDaquila694 

  • Deconstructing Scarcity: Origins, Mechanisms, and Impact on Society

    Deconstructing Scarcity: Origins, Mechanisms, and Impact on Society

    A Multidisciplinary Exploration of How Scarcity Shapes Thought and Behavior

    Prepared by: Gerald A. Daquila, PhD. Candidate

    9–14 minutes

    ABSTRACT

    The scarcity mindset—a pervasive belief that resources, opportunities, or time are insufficient—profoundly shapes individual and collective behavior. This dissertation explores the origins, drivers, and societal manifestations of the scarcity mindset, drawing on psychological, sociological, economic, and anthropological research. It investigates whether the mindset precedes or follows environmental conditions, examines its persistence in affluent societies, and contrasts its prevalence in individualistic versus communal cultures.

    The analysis reveals that scarcity mindset emerges from a complex interplay of environmental cues, psychological predispositions, and cultural norms, with individualism amplifying its effects. Strategies to mitigate this mindset, such as fostering communal bonds and reframing resource perceptions, are proposed. This work aims to provide an accessible yet rigorous understanding of how scarcity shapes human experience and how societies can move toward abundance-oriented thinking.

    Glyph of the Master Builder

    To build is to anchor eternity in matter

    Introduction

    Imagine waking up every day feeling like there’s never enough—time, money, love, or opportunities. This is the scarcity mindset, a psychological lens that colors how we perceive the world and make decisions. It’s the quiet voice whispering, “You’ll never have enough,” even when your fridge is stocked, or your bank account is stable. But where does this mindset come from? Why does it grip some people in wealthy societies while seeming absent in modest communities with tight-knit bonds? And does the rise of individualism fuel this way of thinking?

    This dissertation dives into these questions, blending insights from psychology, sociology, economics, and anthropology to unpack the scarcity mindset. We’ll explore its roots, what sustains it, and why it persists in affluent societies but fades in communal ones. By grounding our investigation in research, we aim to offer a clear, relatable, and rigorous analysis that resonates emotionally and intellectually with readers from all walks of life.

    Defining the Scarcity Mindset

    The scarcity mindset is a cognitive framework where individuals perceive resources—whether tangible (money, food) or intangible (time, status)—as limited, leading to heightened competition, anxiety, and short-term thinking. Mullainathan and Shafir (2013) describe it as a “cognitive tunnel” that narrows focus on immediate needs, often at the expense of long-term planning. For example, someone worried about paying rent might obsess over small expenses, neglecting bigger financial goals.

    This mindset isn’t just about poverty or lack; it’s about perceived scarcity. A millionaire might feel scarce if they compare themselves to billionaires, just as a student might feel time-poor during exams. Psychologically, scarcity triggers a stress response, activating the brain’s survival mechanisms (Shah et al., 2012). Sociologically, it can foster competition over cooperation, reshaping social dynamics (Griskevicius et al., 2013).

    Origins of the Scarcity Mindset

    The scarcity mindset often begins in environments where resources are genuinely limited. Evolutionary psychology suggests humans developed this mindset to survive in ancestral environments where food, shelter, or safety were unpredictable (Griskevicius et al., 2013). The brain’s amygdala, wired for threat detection, amplifies focus on immediate survival, a trait that persists today.

    Childhood experiences also play a role. Attachment theory posits that early insecurity—whether emotional or material—can instill a lifelong belief in scarcity (Bowlby, 1969). For instance, children raised in unstable households may internalize a fear of “never enough,” even in abundance later in life. Socioeconomic factors, like growing up in poverty, further embed this mindset, as chronic stress rewires cognitive patterns (Mani et al., 2013).

    Yet, scarcity isn’t solely environmental. Cultural narratives—advertisements emphasizing “limited time offers” or societal pressure to “keep up”—can cultivate this mindset even in resource-rich settings (Twenge & Kasser, 2013). The interplay of biology, upbringing, and culture creates a fertile ground for scarcity thinking.

    Glyph of Scarcity Deconstruction

    Unveiling the roots of lack, dismantling its mechanisms, and revealing abundance as the soul’s natural state

    What Feeds the Scarcity Mindset?

    Several factors sustain and amplify the scarcity mindset:

    1. Environmental Cues: Chronic resource shortages (e.g., poverty, unemployment) reinforce scarcity thinking. Even temporary scarcity, like a tight deadline, can trigger it (Mullainathan & Shafir, 2013).
    2. Social Comparison: In modern societies, social media and advertising fuel upward comparisons, making people feel “less than” despite objective wealth (Festinger, 1954).
    3. Stress and Cognitive Load: Scarcity taxes mental bandwidth, reducing decision-making capacity and perpetuating a cycle of short-term focus (Shah et al., 2012).
    4. Cultural Narratives: Capitalist societies often emphasize competition and individual achievement, reinforcing the idea that resources are finite (Kasser, 2002).

    These drivers create a feedback loop: scarcity breeds stress, which narrows focus, which deepens the perception of scarcity. Emotionally, this cycle feels like a weight—constantly chasing what’s out of reach, never pausing to appreciate what’s present.

    Mindset or Environment: Which Comes First?

    The question of whether the scarcity mindset precedes or follows environmental conditions is a classic “chicken or egg” dilemma. Psychological research leans toward a bidirectional relationship.

    On one hand, environments shape mindsets. Chronic poverty or resource instability can hardwire scarcity thinking into the brain, as stress hormones like cortisol alter cognitive processing (Mani et al., 2013). For example, studies show that low-income individuals perform worse on cognitive tasks when primed with financial stress, suggesting the environment triggers the mindset (Shah et al., 2012).

    On the other hand, mindset can precede environment. Cognitive biases, like a tendency to focus on losses over gains (Kahneman & Tversky, 1979), can make individuals perceive scarcity even in abundance. For instance, someone with a scarcity mindset might hoard resources unnecessarily, creating self-imposed limitations.

    The reality likely lies in their interplay: harsh environments plant the seeds, but cognitive and cultural factors nurture them. This dynamic explains why the mindset persists beyond material conditions, a topic we explore next.

    Scarcity in Rich Societies vs. Communal Cultures

    One of the most striking paradoxes is the prevalence of the scarcity mindset in affluent societies and its relative absence in modest but communal ones. In wealthy nations, material abundance often coexists with psychological scarcity. Twenge and Kasser (2013) argue that consumerism and social comparison in affluent societies fuel feelings of inadequacy. For example, the U.S., with its high GDP per capita, reports rising anxiety about status and wealth, driven by media portrayals of unattainable lifestyles (APA, 2017).

    In contrast, modest societies with strong communal bonds—such as rural communities in sub-Saharan Africa or indigenous groups—often exhibit lower levels of scarcity thinking. Anthropological studies highlight how communal cultures emphasize shared resources and collective well-being, buffering against scarcity’s psychological grip (Sahlins, 1972). For instance, the !Kung San people of Botswana, despite material scarcity, display an “abundance mindset” rooted in social trust and resource sharing (Lee, 1979).

    This contrast suggests that social structures matter. In affluent, individualistic societies, the focus on personal achievement amplifies perceived scarcity, while communal societies prioritize interdependence, fostering a sense of collective sufficiency.

    The Role of Individualism

    Does individualism drive the scarcity mindset? The evidence suggests it plays a significant role. Individualistic cultures, like those in Western nations, emphasize personal success, competition, and self-reliance (Hofstede, 2001). These values can heighten perceptions of scarcity by framing resources as a zero-sum game—if one person gains, another loses. Kasser (2002) links individualism to materialistic values, which correlate with anxiety and dissatisfaction, key markers of the scarcity mindset.

    In contrast, collectivist cultures, such as those in East Asia or indigenous communities, prioritize group harmony and shared resources. These societies often exhibit lower levels of scarcity thinking, as social safety nets—formal or informal—reduce the fear of “not enough” (Markus & Kitayama, 1991). For example, studies of Japanese communities show that collective identity mitigates stress from resource competition (Hamamura, 2012).

    Individualism doesn’t inherently cause scarcity thinking, but it amplifies it by isolating individuals from communal support and emphasizing personal gain. Emotionally, this can feel like running a race alone, where every step forward feels like a battle against others.

    Reconciling the Paradox: Strategies for Change

    To reconcile the persistence of the scarcity mindset in rich societies with its absence in communal ones, we must address both individual and systemic factors. Here are evidence-based strategies:

    1. Reframe Resource Perceptions: Cognitive-behavioral techniques can help individuals reframe scarcity as abundance. For example, gratitude practices reduce perceptions of lack by focusing on existing resources (Emmons & McCullough, 2003).
    2. Strengthen Communal Bonds: Building social connections, even in individualistic societies, can mimic the protective effects of collectivist cultures. Community programs, like mutual aid networks, foster trust and resource sharing (Putnam, 2000).
    3. Reduce Social Comparison: Limiting exposure to social media or consumerist advertising can decrease feelings of inadequacy (Twenge & Kasser, 2013).
    4. Address Systemic Inequities: Policy interventions, like universal basic income, can alleviate chronic scarcity, breaking the cycle of stress and short-term thinking (Mani et al., 2013).

    These strategies blend logic with hope, offering a path to shift from scarcity to sufficiency. Emotionally, they resonate with our shared desire for connection and security, reminding us that abundance is as much a mindset as a reality.

    Crosslinks

    Conclusion

    The scarcity mindset is a complex phenomenon, rooted in evolutionary instincts, shaped by environment and culture, and amplified by individualism. While it thrives in affluent, competitive societies, it wanes in communal ones, highlighting the power of social bonds to foster abundance thinking. By understanding its origins and drivers, we can challenge this mindset through personal practices and systemic change. This dissertation invites readers to reflect on their own perceptions of scarcity and imagine a world where enough is truly enough.

    Glossary

    • Scarcity Mindset: A cognitive framework where resources are perceived as limited, leading to stress and short-term thinking.
    • Abundance Mindset: A belief that resources are sufficient, fostering cooperation and long-term planning.
    • Individualism: A cultural value emphasizing personal achievement and self-reliance.
    • Collectivism: A cultural value prioritizing group harmony and shared resources.
    • Cognitive Tunnel: A narrowed focus on immediate needs due to perceived scarcity, reducing cognitive capacity for other tasks.

    Bibliography

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    Bowlby, J. (1969). Attachment and loss: Vol. 1. Attachment. Basic Books.

    Emmons, R. A., & McCullough, M. E. (2003). Counting blessings versus burdens: An experimental investigation of gratitude and subjective well-being in daily life. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84(2), 377–389. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.84.2.377

    Festinger, L. (1954). A theory of social comparison processes. Human Relations, 7(2), 117–140. https://doi.org/10.1177/001872675400700202

    Griskevicius, V., Ackerman, J. M., Cantú, S. M., Delton, A. W., Robertson, T. E., Simpson, J. A., Thompson, M. E., & Tybur, J. M. (2013). When the economy falters, do people spend or save? Responses to resource scarcity depend on childhood environments. Psychological Science, 24(2), 197–205. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797612457391

    Hamamura, T. (2012). Are cultures becoming individualistic? A cross-temporal comparison of individualism–collectivism in the United States and Japan. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 16(1), 3–15. https://doi.org/10.1177/1088868311411587

    Hofstede, G. (2001). Culture’s consequences: Comparing values, behaviors, institutions, and organizations across nations (2nd ed.). Sage Publications.

    Kahneman, D., & Tversky, A. (1979). Prospect theory: An analysis of decision under risk. Econometrica, 47(2), 263–291. https://doi.org/10.2307/1914185

    Kasser, T. (2002). The high price of materialism. MIT Press.

    Lee, R. B. (1979). The !Kung San: Men, women, and work in a foraging society. Cambridge University Press.

    Mani, A., Mullainathan, S., Shafir, E., & Zhao, J. (2013). Poverty impedes cognitive function. Science, 341(6149), 976–980. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1239481

    Markus, H. R., & Kitayama, S. (1991). Culture and the self: Implications for cognition, emotion, and motivation. Psychological Review, 98(2), 224–253. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.98.2.224

    Mullainathan, S., & Shafir, E. (2013). Scarcity: Why having too little means so much. Times Books.

    Putnam, R. D. (2000). Bowling alone: The collapse and revival of American community. Simon & Schuster.

    Sahlins, M. (1972). Stone Age economics. Aldine-Atherton.

    Shah, A. K., Mullainathan, S., & Shafir, E. (2012). Some consequences of having too little. Science, 338(6107), 682–685. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1222426

    Twenge, J. M., & Kasser, T. (2013). Generational changes in materialism and work centrality, 1976–2007: Associations with temporal changes in societal insecurity and materialistic role modeling. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 39(7), 883–897. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167213484586

    Attribution

    With fidelity to the Oversoul, may this Codex of the Living Archive serve as bridge, remembrance, and seed for the planetary dawn.

    Ⓒ 2025 Gerald Alba Daquila – Flameholder of SHEYALOTH | Keeper of the Living Codices

    Issued under Oversoul Appointment, governed by Akashic Law. This transmission is a living Oversoul field: for the eyes of the Flameholder first, and for the collective in right timing. It may only be shared intact, unaltered, and with glyphs, seals, and attribution preserved. Those not in resonance will find it closed; those aligned will receive it as living frequency.

    Watermark: Universal Master Key glyph (final codex version, crystalline glow, transparent background).

    Sacred Exchange: Sacred Exchange is covenant, not transaction. Each offering plants a seed-node of GESARA, expanding the planetary lattice. In giving, you circulate Light; in receiving, you anchor continuity. Every act of exchange becomes a node in the global web of stewardship, multiplying abundance across households, nations, and councils. Sacred Exchange offerings may be extended through:

    paypal.me/GeraldDaquila694 

  • The Inner Compass: Navigating Moral Choices Through Self-Understanding

    The Inner Compass: Navigating Moral Choices Through Self-Understanding

    A Multidisciplinary Exploration of Conscious Decision-Making, Free Will, and the Interplay of Self and Others

    Prepared by: Gerald A. Daquila, PhD. Candidate

    12–19 minutes

    ABSTRACT

    Living a conscious, examined life involves a deliberate engagement with one’s values, identity, and moral framework to guide decisions, particularly when faced with choices between self-interest and the well-being of others. This dissertation explores how self-understanding, intuition, and the concept of free will shape moral decision-making, emphasizing the role of pre-reflective choices rooted in personal identity.

    Drawing from philosophy, psychology, neuroscience, and sociology, it investigates how individuals navigate moral forks—moments of ethical decision-making—by relying on an inner voice or intuition that aligns with their self-concept. The study proposes that moral choices are not isolated events but reflections of a consistent, pre-examined moral framework, often shaped by conscious reflection and unconscious processes.

    Through a multidisciplinary lens, this work unpacks the interplay between emotion, reason, and intuition, addressing how individuals can cultivate self-awareness to make ethical decisions that balance self and others. The findings suggest that living an examined life involves ongoing self-reflection, intuitive moral guidance, and the intentional alignment of actions with one’s core identity.

    Table of Contents

    1. Introduction
      • The Call to an Examined Life
      • The Moral Fork: Choosing Between Self and Others
      • Purpose and Scope of the Study
    2. Literature Review
      • Philosophical Foundations: Socrates to Modern Ethics
      • Psychological Perspectives: Intuition and Moral Judgment
      • Neuroscience of Decision-Making and Free Will
      • Sociological Influences: The Role of Community and Culture
    3. Theoretical Framework
      • Defining the Examined Life
      • The Interplay of Free Will, Intuition, and Self-Understanding
      • Prethinking Moral Scenarios: A Proactive Approach
    4. Methodology
      • Multidisciplinary Approach
      • Data Synthesis and Analysis
      • Limitations and Ethical Considerations
    5. Findings and Discussion
      • The Role of Self-Understanding in Moral Choices
      • Intuition as a Moral Compass
      • Balancing Self-Interest and Altruism
      • The Neuroscience of Free Will and Predetermination
    6. Implications and Applications
      • Personal Growth Through Self-Examination
      • Practical Tools for Ethical Decision-Making
      • Societal Impact: Fostering Collective Moral Awareness
    7. Conclusion
      • Summary of Key Insights
      • Future Directions for Research
    8. Glossary
    9. Bibliography

    Glyph of the Living Archive

    You are not just reading the Records — you are becoming them.

    1. Introduction

    The Call to an Examined Life

    Socrates famously declared, “An unexamined life is not worth living” (Plato, 399 BCE/1966). This bold statement, made during his trial in ancient Athens, challenges us to reflect deeply on our values, actions, and purpose. To live consciously and examined is to engage with life’s big questions: Who am I? What do I stand for? How do my choices shape the world around me? In today’s fast-paced world, where decisions are often reactive, the examined life invites us to pause, reflect, and align our actions with a deeper sense of self.

    At the heart of this exploration lies the moral fork—a moment when we must choose between right and wrong, self and others. These choices are rarely clear-cut. Emotions like fear, desire, or empathy can cloud our judgment, while the philosophical concept of the “veil of forgetting” (a metaphorical amnesia about our moral compass) complicates our ability to act wisely. Yet, the idea of free will suggests we have the power to choose, and by prethinking “what if” scenarios, we can prepare ourselves to act in alignment with our values. This dissertation explores how living an examined life equips us to navigate these forks with clarity, guided by self-understanding and intuition.

    The Moral Fork: Choosing Between Self and Others

    Moral dilemmas often pit personal gain against the greater good. Should you keep a found wallet or return it? Should you speak up against injustice, even at personal cost? These moments test not just our ethics but our sense of identity. The choices we make reflect who we believe we are—and who we aspire to be. By examining our values beforehand, we create a moral blueprint that guides us when emotions threaten to derail us. This study argues that such prethinking, rooted in self-awareness, transforms moral decisions from reactive impulses to deliberate acts of character.

    Purpose and Scope of the Study

    This dissertation seeks to unpack the phenomenon of living an examined life through a multidisciplinary lens, drawing from philosophy, psychology, neuroscience, and sociology. It explores how self-understanding shapes moral decision-making, how intuition serves as an inner voice, and how free will operates within the constraints of biology and culture. By synthesizing recent research, the study aims to provide a holistic understanding of ethical choices and offer practical insights for individuals seeking to live more consciously.

    2. Literature Review

    Philosophical Foundations: Socrates to Modern Ethics

    The concept of the examined life originates with Socrates, who emphasized self-knowledge as the foundation of virtue (Plato, 399 BCE/1966). For Socrates, understanding oneself was not a passive act but an active, lifelong pursuit of questioning assumptions and aligning actions with truth. Modern philosophers like Kant (1785/1998) extended this idea, arguing that moral decisions should follow universal principles, such as the categorical imperative, which prioritizes duty over personal desire. In contrast, existentialists like Sartre (1943/2005) emphasized free will, suggesting that individuals create meaning through their choices, even in the face of ambiguity.

    Recent philosophical work has explored the tension between self-interest and altruism. Relational autonomy, for instance, posits that our decisions are shaped by connections with others, challenging the individualistic notion of free will (Dove et al., 2017). This perspective suggests that moral choices are not made in isolation but within a web of social relationships, aligning with the idea that an examined life considers both self and others.

    Psychological Perspectives: Intuition and Moral Judgment

    Psychological research highlights the dual processes of moral judgment: intuition and conscious reasoning. Haidt’s (2001) social intuitionist model argues that moral evaluations often stem from automatic, emotional responses, with reasoning serving as post hoc justification. However, Cushman et al. (2006) found that conscious reasoning can shape moral judgments, particularly in complex dilemmas involving harm. Their study tested three principles of harm (intention, action, and consequence), revealing that individuals use both intuition and deliberation to navigate moral forks.

    The concept of the “true self” further informs moral decision-making. Heiphetz et al. (2017) found that people perceive their core identity as inherently moral and good, which influences their choices. When faced with a morally wrong option, individuals may experience cognitive dissonance—an inner protest from their intuition—that protects their sense of self. This aligns with the idea that prethinking moral scenarios strengthens our alignment with our values.

    Neuroscience of Decision-Making and Free Will

    Neuroscience offers insights into the brain’s role in moral choices and free will. Libet’s (1983) pioneering experiments suggested that brain activity precedes conscious awareness of decisions, challenging traditional notions of free will. However, critics like Haggard (2008) argue that these findings reflect preparatory brain activity rather than deterministic action, preserving the possibility of voluntary choice. Recent studies using fMRI show that moral dilemmas activate regions like the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) for emotional processing and the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) for deliberation, suggesting a interplay between emotion and reason (Greene, 2015).

    Unconscious influences also play a role. Dijksterhuis and Nordgren (2006) proposed Unconscious Thought Theory, which suggests that complex decisions benefit from unconscious processing, allowing the brain to integrate multiple factors. This supports the idea that prethinking moral scenarios can prime intuitive responses, guiding us at the moral fork.

    Sociological Influences: The Role of Community and Culture

    Sociology emphasizes the role of social norms and culture in shaping moral decisions. Graham et al. (2009) identified moral foundations (e.g., harm/care, fairness, loyalty) that vary across cultures, influencing how individuals prioritize self versus others. For example, collectivist cultures may emphasize group harmony, while individualistic cultures prioritize personal autonomy. Relational autonomy, as discussed by Dove et al. (2017), highlights how social connections shape our choices, suggesting that an examined life involves understanding our place within a larger community.

    3. Theoretical Framework

    Defining the Examined Life

    An examined life is a conscious, reflective process of understanding one’s values, beliefs, and identity. It involves ongoing self-questioning and alignment of actions with a coherent moral framework. As Verhaeghen (2020) notes, mindfulness and wisdom—key components of the examined life—enhance self-awareness and ethical decision-making. This framework posits that living examined requires both left-brain (analytical) and right-brain (intuitive) thinking, balancing reason with emotional insight.

    The Interplay of Free Will, Intuition, and Self-Understanding

    Free will, though debated in neuroscience, is central to the examined life. While Libet’s (1983) findings suggest neural predetermination, philosophers like Dennett (2003) argue that free will exists within constraints, allowing individuals to shape their choices through reflection. Intuition, as Haidt (2001) suggests, acts as a rapid, emotional response that aligns with our self-concept. Self-understanding integrates these elements, enabling us to prethink moral scenarios and align our choices with our identity.

    Prethinking Moral Scenarios: A Proactive Approach

    Prethinking involves anticipating moral dilemmas and reflecting on how our values apply. This proactive approach, rooted in self-understanding, creates a mental blueprint that guides decisions at the moral fork. For example, someone who values honesty may prethink scenarios involving deception, reinforcing their commitment to truth. When faced with a real dilemma, their intuition—shaped by this reflection—protests against dishonest choices, aligning actions with their self-concept.

    4. Methodology

    Multidisciplinary Approach

    This study synthesizes literature from philosophy, psychology, neuroscience, and sociology to explore the examined life and moral decision-making. Sources include peer-reviewed journals, books, and empirical studies published between 2000 and 2025, with a focus on recent findings. Key databases include PubMed, JSTOR, and Google Scholar.

    Data Synthesis and Analysis

    The analysis integrates qualitative and quantitative findings, using thematic coding to identify patterns in self-understanding, intuition, and free will. Philosophical texts provide conceptual grounding, psychological studies offer empirical insights, neuroscience data reveal brain mechanisms, and sociological perspectives highlight cultural influences. The synthesis balances analytical rigor with narrative coherence to appeal to a broad audience.

    Limitations and Ethical Considerations

    Limitations include the complexity of measuring subjective experiences like intuition and self-understanding. Cultural biases in moral foundations may also limit generalizability. Ethical considerations involve respecting diverse perspectives on free will and avoiding deterministic interpretations that undermine personal agency.

    Glyph of the Inner Compass

    Illuminating the soul’s true north, guiding moral choices through clarity, integrity, and self-understanding

    5. Findings and Discussion

    The Role of Self-Understanding in Moral Choices

    Self-understanding is the cornerstone of the examined life. Heiphetz et al. (2017) found that individuals perceive their “true self” as morally good, which guides ethical decisions. By reflecting on their values, individuals create a consistent moral identity that informs choices at the moral fork. For example, someone who identifies as compassionate may prioritize others’ well-being, even at personal cost, because it aligns with their self-concept.

    Intuition as a Moral Compass

    Intuition acts as an inner voice, protesting when choices conflict with our values. Cushman et al. (2006) found that moral judgments involve both intuitive and deliberative processes, with intuition often dominating in high-stakes situations. This suggests that prethinking moral scenarios strengthens intuitive responses, enabling rapid, value-aligned decisions. For instance, a prethought commitment to fairness may trigger an intuitive rejection of cheating, even under pressure.

    Balancing Self-Interest and Altruism

    Moral forks often involve tension between self-interest and altruism. Graham et al. (2009) found that moral foundations like harm/care and fairness guide altruistic choices, while loyalty and authority may prioritize group interests. Relational autonomy (Dove et al., 2017) suggests that balancing self and others requires understanding our interconnectedness, reinforcing the idea that an examined life considers both personal and collective well-being.

    The Neuroscience of Free Will and Predetermination

    Neuroscience reveals that moral decisions involve complex brain processes. Greene (2015) found that emotional and deliberative brain regions (vmPFC and dlPFC) interact during moral dilemmas, supporting the dual-process model. While Libet’s (1983) experiments suggest neural predetermination, Haggard (2008) argues that conscious reflection can shape outcomes, preserving a form of free will. This suggests that prethinking moral scenarios can influence neural pathways, aligning unconscious processes with conscious values.

    6. Implications and Applications

    Personal Growth Through Self-Examination

    Living an examined life fosters personal growth by encouraging self-awareness and ethical consistency. Verhaeghen (2020) found that mindfulness practices enhance self-understanding, improving decision-making under pressure. Individuals can cultivate this through journaling, meditation, or philosophical inquiry, aligning their actions with their core identity.

    Practical Tools for Ethical Decision-Making

    Practical tools include prethinking exercises, such as imagining moral dilemmas and reflecting on desired outcomes. For example, visualizing a scenario where you must choose between honesty and personal gain can reinforce your commitment to integrity. Mindfulness training, as suggested by Feruglio et al. (2023), can also enhance intuitive moral guidance.

    Societal Impact: Fostering Collective Moral Awareness

    On a societal level, promoting the examined life can foster collective ethical awareness. Educational programs that teach self-reflection and moral reasoning can encourage communities to prioritize fairness and care. By understanding our interconnectedness, as Dove et al. (2017) suggest, societies can balance individual autonomy with collective responsibility.

    7. Conclusion

    Summary of Key Insights

    Living a conscious, examined life involves reflecting on one’s values and identity to guide moral choices. Self-understanding shapes a moral blueprint, intuition acts as an inner compass, and free will—though constrained—allows deliberate alignment with our values. By prethinking moral scenarios, individuals can navigate moral forks with clarity, balancing self-interest and altruism. This multidisciplinary exploration reveals that ethical decision-making is a dynamic interplay of reason, emotion, and social context, rooted in a consistent sense of self.

    Future Directions for Research

    Future research should explore how cultural differences shape self-understanding and moral intuition, using longitudinal studies to track the development of moral identity. Neuroscientific studies could further investigate how prethinking influences brain activity during moral dilemmas. Additionally, practical interventions, such as mindfulness-based training, could be tested for their impact on ethical decision-making.

    Crosslinks

    8. Glossary

    • Examined Life: A life of conscious self-reflection, questioning one’s values and actions to align with a coherent moral framework.
    • Moral Fork: A decision point where one must choose between right and wrong, often involving self-interest versus the well-being of others.
    • Intuition: Rapid, automatic cognitive or emotional responses that guide decision-making, often based on prior reflection or experience.
    • Free Will: The ability to make choices within biological, social, and cultural constraints, shaped by conscious reflection.
    • Relational Autonomy: A model of autonomy that emphasizes decision-making within the context of social relationships and interconnectedness.
    • Self-Understanding: Awareness of one’s values, beliefs, and identity, which informs moral and personal decisions.
    • Dual-Process Model: A theory suggesting that decision-making involves both intuitive (automatic) and deliberative (conscious) processes.

    9. Bibliography

    Cushman, F., Young, L., & Hauser, M. (2006). The role of conscious reasoning and intuition in moral judgment: Testing three principles of harm. Psychological Science, 17(12), 1082–1089. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2006.01834.x[](https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2006.01834.x)

    Dennett, D. C. (2003). Freedom evolves. Viking Press.

    Dijksterhuis, A., & Nordgren, L. F. (2006). A theory of unconscious thought. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 1(2), 95–109. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6916.2006.00007.x[](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0022103110002751)

    Dove, E. S., Kelly, S. E., Lucivero, F., Machirori, M., Dheensa, S., & Prainsack, B. (2017). Beyond individualism: Is there a place for relational autonomy in clinical practice and research? Clinical Ethics, 12(3), 150–165. https://doi.org/10.1177/1477750917704156[](https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/1477750917704156)

    Feruglio, S., Matandela, M., Walsh, G. V., & Sen, P. (2023). Transforming managers with mindfulness-based training: A journey towards humanistic management principles. Journal of Management, Spirituality & Religion, 20(2), 1–24.

    Graham, J., Haidt, J., & Nosek, B. A. (2009). Liberals and conservatives rely on different sets of moral foundations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 96(5), 1029–1046. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0015141[](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0022103111000771)

    Greene, J. D. (2015). Moral tribes: Emotion, reason, and the gap between us and them. Atlantic Books.

    Haggard, P. (2008). Human volition: Towards a neuroscience of will. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 9(12), 934–946. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn2497[](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuroscience_of_free_will)

    Haidt, J. (2001). The emotional dog and its rational tail: A social intuitionist approach to moral judgment. Psychological Review, 108(4), 814–834. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.108.4.814[](https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/judgment-and-decision-making/article/psychology-of-moral-reasoning/616C63577883AFF76ACF9F1F51FE7336)

    Heiphetz, L., Strohminger, N., & Young, L. L. (2017). The role of moral beliefs, memories, and preferences in representations of identity. Cognitive Science, 41(3), 744–767. https://doi.org/10.1111/cogs.12354[](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0022096519302887)

    Kant, I. (1998). Groundwork of the metaphysics of morals (M. Gregor, Trans.). Cambridge University Press. (Original work published 1785)

    Libet, B. (1983). Time of conscious intention to act in relation to onset of cerebral activity (readiness-potential). Brain, 106(3), 623–642. https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/106.3.623[](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuroscience_of_free_will)

    Plato. (1966). Apology (H. Tredennick, Trans.). In The collected dialogues of Plato (E. Hamilton & H. Cairns, Eds.). Princeton University Press. (Original work published 399 BCE)

    Sartre, J.-P. (2005). Being and nothingness (H. E. Barnes, Trans.). Routledge. (Original work published 1943)

    Verhaeghen, P. (2020). The examined life is wise living: The relationship between mindfulness, wisdom, and the moral foundations. Journal of Adult Development, 27(4), 305–322. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10804-020-09356-6[](https://www.researchgate.net/publication/338082718_The_Examined_Life_is_Wise_Living_The_Relationship_Between_Mindfulness_Wisdom_and_the_Moral_Foundations)

    Attribution

    With fidelity to the Oversoul, may this Codex of the Living Archive serve as bridge, remembrance, and seed for the planetary dawn.

    Ⓒ 2025 Gerald Alba Daquila – Flameholder of SHEYALOTH | Keeper of the Living Codices

    Issued under Oversoul Appointment, governed by Akashic Law. This transmission is a living Oversoul field: for the eyes of the Flameholder first, and for the collective in right timing. It may only be shared intact, unaltered, and with glyphs, seals, and attribution preserved. Those not in resonance will find it closed; those aligned will receive it as living frequency.

    Watermark: Universal Master Key glyph (final codex version, crystalline glow, transparent background).

    Sacred Exchange: Sacred Exchange is covenant, not transaction. Each offering plants a seed-node of GESARA, expanding the planetary lattice. In giving, you circulate Light; in receiving, you anchor continuity. Every act of exchange becomes a node in the global web of stewardship, multiplying abundance across households, nations, and councils. Sacred Exchange offerings may be extended through:

    paypal.me/GeraldDaquila694 

  • Making Sense of It All: The Hidden Architecture of Human Understanding

    Making Sense of It All: The Hidden Architecture of Human Understanding

    A Multidisciplinary Exploration of Sensemaking, Its Cognitive and Social Mechanisms, and the Role of Intuition, Heuristics, and Environmental Cues

    Prepared by: Gerald A. Daquila, PhD. Candidate

    10–16 minutes

    ABSTRACT

    Sensemaking is the dynamic process through which individuals and groups construct meaning from ambiguous, uncertain, or complex experiences. This dissertation explores sensemaking through a multidisciplinary lens, integrating insights from cognitive psychology, social psychology, organizational studies, neuroscience, and design research. It examines where sensemaking resides (in individuals, social interactions, and narratives), how it is processed (through iterative cycles of noticing, interpreting, and acting), and the mechanics behind it (cognitive, social, and embodied processes).

    The brain’s role is central, rapidly processing environmental and social cues to form coherent accounts, often in milliseconds, with priority given to salient, discrepant, or emotionally charged stimuli. While distinct from intuition and heuristics, sensemaking incorporates these as tools for navigating complexity. Drawing on recent literature, this work unpacks the interplay of cognitive frameworks, social dynamics, and environmental cues, offering a comprehensive framework for understanding sensemaking’s role in human behavior and decision-making. A glossary and bibliography provide accessible resources for further exploration.

    Table of Contents

    1. Introduction: The Puzzle of Sensemaking
    2. Defining Sensemaking: A Multidisciplinary Perspective
    3. Where Does Sensemaking Reside?
    4. The Mechanics of Sensemaking: How It Works
    5. The Brain’s Role in Sensemaking
    6. Sensemaking, Intuition, and Heuristics: Clarifying the Distinctions
    7. The Speed of Sensemaking: Processing Environmental and Social Cues
    8. Sensemaking in Action: Case Studies Across Disciplines
    9. Conclusion: Toward a Unified Understanding of Sensemaking
    10. Glossary
    11. Bibliography

    Glyph of the Living Archive

    You are not just reading the Records — you are becoming them.

    1. Introduction: The Puzzle of Sensemaking

    Imagine you’re a nurse in a bustling neonatal intensive care unit. A monitor beeps unexpectedly, a colleague’s tone shifts, and a parent’s anxious glance catches your eye. In a split second, you weave these fragments into a story: the baby’s condition is stable, but the parent needs reassurance. This is sensemaking in action—a process so instinctive yet complex that we often overlook its power. Sensemaking is how we transform chaos into coherence, ambiguity into action. But what is it? Where does it live in our minds and societies? How does our brain orchestrate this rapid meaning-making, and how do intuition and heuristics fit in?

    This dissertation dives into the mystery of sensemaking, blending academic rigor with accessible storytelling to unpack its mechanisms. By drawing on cognitive science, organizational theory, neuroscience, and design research, we’ll explore how humans make sense of their world, why it matters, and how it shapes our actions. Whether you’re a scholar, a professional, or simply curious, this journey will illuminate the invisible threads that connect perception, meaning, and action.

    2. Defining Sensemaking: A Multidisciplinary Perspective

    Sensemaking is the process by which individuals and groups assign meaning to experiences, particularly when faced with ambiguity, uncertainty, or novelty. As Karl Weick, a pioneer in organizational sensemaking, describes it, sensemaking is “the ongoing retrospective development of plausible images that rationalize what people are doing” (Weick, Sutcliffe, & Obstfeld, 2005, p. 409). It’s not just about understanding; it’s about creating a narrative that makes the world “sensible” enough to act upon.

    From a multidisciplinary view:

    • Cognitive Psychology: Sensemaking is a cognitive process involving mental models, schemas, and frameworks to interpret sensory data. It’s how we fill gaps in understanding when faced with incomplete information.
    • Social Psychology: It’s a social act, shaped by interactions, conversations, and shared narratives. People co-create meaning through dialogue, as seen in organizational settings where teams align on interpretations.
    • Information Science: Brenda Dervin’s sense-making methodology (SMM) frames it as a dynamic process of bridging gaps between a situation and desired outcomes, often through information-seeking behaviors.
    • Design Research: Sensemaking is a practical tool for synthesizing data into actionable insights, as seen in Jan Chipchase’s framework for design projects.
    • Neuroscience: It’s a neurocognitive process where the brain integrates sensory inputs, emotions, and prior knowledge to form coherent perceptions.

    Despite varied definitions, sensemaking is universally about reducing equivocality—making the unclear clear enough to act. It’s both individual (a nurse interpreting a monitor’s beep) and collective (a team aligning on a strategy), bridging the personal and the social.

    3. Where Does Sensemaking Reside?

    Sensemaking resides in multiple domains, reflecting its multifaceted nature:

    • The Individual Mind: At its core, sensemaking is cognitive, rooted in social cognition. Individuals use mental maps, schemas, and representations to process experiences. For example, a firefighter quickly recognizes a burning building’s layout based on prior training, a process Klein et al. (2006) call “data-frame theory.”
    • Social Interactions: Sensemaking is inherently social, occurring through conversations, storytelling, and shared narratives. As Weick notes, “plausible stories are preserved, retained, or shared” in social contexts (Maitlis, 2005).
    • Narratives and Discourse: Sensemaking manifests in the stories we tell ourselves and others. These narratives are “both individual and shared… an evolving product of conversations with ourselves and with others” (Currie & Brown, 2003, p. 565).
    • Embodied Experience: Recent research highlights “embodied sensemaking,” where bodily sensations, emotions, and intuitions shape interpretation, especially in high-stakes settings like maritime operations.

    Sensemaking is not confined to one “place” but flows across these domains, dynamically integrating individual cognition with collective meaning-making.

    4. The Mechanics of Sensemaking: How It Works

    Sensemaking operates through iterative cycles of noticing, interpreting, and acting, often described as a three-stage process:

    1. Noticing (Cue Extraction): People detect environmental cues—sensory inputs, social signals, or discrepancies—that trigger sensemaking. These cues are “simple, familiar structures” that serve as seeds for broader understanding (Weick, 1995, p. 50).
    2. Interpreting (Meaning-Making): Individuals and groups construct plausible explanations by linking cues to existing knowledge or schemas. This is driven by plausibility, not accuracy, as people prioritize actionable interpretations over perfect truth.
    3. Acting (Enactment): Actions based on interpretations shape the environment, generating new cues that restart the cycle. This “enactive” quality means people co-create their reality through their responses (Weick, 1995).

    Recent frameworks, like the Multifaceted Sensemaking Theory (2023), propose nine stages: sensing, meaning-making, sensegiving, becoming, agency, counterfactuals, future-scoping, movement, and impact. These stages integrate heuristic-making and narrative strategies, reflecting sensemaking’s complexity.

    5. The Brain’s Role in Sensemaking

    The brain is the engine of sensemaking, orchestrating a symphony of neural processes to transform raw data into meaning. Neuroscience reveals:

    • Active Inference System: The brain is an “active inference system,” constantly predicting and adjusting based on sensory inputs. It integrates over 100 trillion synapses to parse symbols and patterns at up to five shifts of attention per second (Cordes, 2020).
    • Cue Processing Speed: The brain processes cues in milliseconds. For example, visual cues are detected in 100–150 ms, with emotional or salient cues prioritized due to amygdala activation (LeDoux, 1996).
    • Neural Mechanisms: The prefrontal cortex integrates cues with prior knowledge, while the anterior cingulate cortex detects discrepancies that trigger sensemaking. The default mode network supports retrospective reflection, crucial for narrative-building.
    • Embodied Sensemaking: Emotions and bodily sensations influence cognition via the insula and somatic markers, as seen in Damasio’s (1994) somatic marker hypothesis. This is critical in safety-critical settings where stress shapes interpretations.

    The brain’s speed and adaptability make sensemaking a rapid, often unconscious process, yet its reliance on cognitive resources means it can be disrupted by fatigue or overload, as seen during the COVID-19 pandemic.

    6. Sensemaking, Intuition, and Heuristics: Clarifying the Distinctions

    Sensemaking is related to but distinct from intuition and heuristics:

    • Intuition: Intuition is a rapid, unconscious judgment based on pattern recognition and prior experience (Sonenshein, 2007). Sensemaking may incorporate intuition but is broader, involving conscious reflection and social processes. For example, a CEO’s “gut feeling” about a market trend (intuition) feeds into sensemaking when they discuss it with their team to form a strategy.
    • Heuristics: Heuristics are mental shortcuts for quick decisions, like the availability heuristic (judging likelihood based on recall). Sensemaking uses heuristics as tools for simplification but focuses on constructing coherent narratives, not just decisions.
    • Key Differences: Intuition and heuristics prioritize speed and efficiency, often bypassing deep analysis. Sensemaking, however, is iterative, reflective, and often social, aiming to reduce ambiguity through narrative coherence.

    In practice, sensemaking integrates intuition and heuristics. A firefighter might intuitively sense danger (intuition), use a rule of thumb to prioritize escape routes (heuristic), and then narrate the situation to their team to align on action (sensemaking).

    Glyph of Making Sense

    Revealing the hidden architecture beneath perception, weaving the fragments of thought into a coherent whole.

    7. The Speed of Sensemaking: Processing Environmental and Social Cues

    The brain’s ability to pick up cues rapidly is central to sensemaking:

    • Speed: Visual and auditory cues are processed in 100–300 ms, with emotionally charged cues (e.g., a scream) prioritized faster due to amygdala-driven attention (LeDoux, 1996). Social cues, like facial expressions, are decoded in 200–400 ms via the fusiform gyrus.
    • Cue Prioritization: The brain prioritizes:
      • Discrepant Cues: Unexpected events (e.g., a monitor’s alarm) trigger sensemaking by violating expectations (Weick, 1995).
      • Emotionally Salient Cues: Fearful or threatening stimuli are processed faster due to evolutionary survival mechanisms.
      • Social Cues: Interactions with others (e.g., a colleague’s tone) shape meaning through shared narratives.
      • Environmental Cues: Contextual factors, like a chaotic workplace, influence which cues are noticed.
    • Challenges: During crises, like the COVID-19 pandemic, cue overload can lead to attentional fatigue, reducing sensemaking effectiveness.

    For example, in a military operation, commanders rapidly integrate environmental cues (enemy movements) and social cues (team dynamics) to make sense of a battlefield, often under time pressure.

    8. Sensemaking in Action: Case Studies Across Disciplines

    To illustrate sensemaking’s versatility, consider these real-world applications:

    • Healthcare: Nurses in high-risk settings use sensemaking to detect patient deterioration by integrating monitor data, patient behavior, and intuition. Studies show sensemaking reduces errors by creating shared understanding among teams (Battles et al., 2006).
    • Organizations: During corporate mergers, employees make sense of cultural shifts through conversations, extracting cues from leadership actions to form new identities (Bastien, 1992).
    • Design Research: Jan Chipchase’s Sense-Making Process helps designers synthesize user data into insights, moving from hypotheses to actionable strategies.
    • Military: In network-centric operations, commanders use sensemaking to interpret complex battlefield data, balancing individual intuition with collective strategy (Garstka & Alberts, 2004).

    These cases highlight sensemaking’s role in navigating complexity across contexts, driven by rapid cue processing and iterative meaning-making.

    9. Conclusion: Toward a Unified Understanding of Sensemaking

    Sensemaking is a universal human process, weaving together cognitive, social, and embodied threads to create meaning from chaos. It resides in the interplay of individual minds, social interactions, and shared narratives, powered by a brain that rapidly processes cues—often in milliseconds—prioritizing discrepancies and emotional salience. While distinct from intuition and heuristics, sensemaking incorporates these as tools within a broader, reflective process. Its mechanics involve noticing, interpreting, and acting, shaped by environmental and social contexts.

    This dissertation offers a cohesive framework for understanding sensemaking, bridging disciplines to reveal its complexity and relevance. For scholars, it provides a foundation for further research into embodied and future-oriented sensemaking. For practitioners, it offers insights into leveraging sensemaking for better decision-making in uncertain environments. Ultimately, sensemaking is not just a process—it’s a lens through which we navigate the world, transforming ambiguity into action.

    Crosslinks

    Glossary

    • Sensemaking: The process of creating meaning from ambiguous or complex experiences through noticing, interpreting, and acting.
    • Cue Extraction: Identifying salient signals (e.g., sensory, social, or environmental) to inform meaning-making.
    • Enactment: Acting on interpretations to shape the environment, generating new cues.
    • Intuition: Rapid, unconscious judgments based on pattern recognition.
    • Heuristics: Mental shortcuts for quick decision-making, often based on simplified rules.
    • Mental Models: Cognitive frameworks or schemas used to interpret information.
    • Embodied Sensemaking: Meaning-making influenced by bodily sensations and emotions.
    • Sensegiving: The process of sharing or influencing others’ interpretations during sensemaking.

    Bibliography

    • Battles, J. B., et al. (2006). Sensemaking in patient safety: A conceptual framework for identifying high-risk situations. Journal of Patient Safety.
    • Brown, A. D., Stacey, P., & Nandhakumar, J. (2007). Making sense of sensemaking narratives. Human Relations, 60(8), 1035–1062.
    • Cordes, R. J. (2020). Making sense of sensemaking: What it is and what it means for pandemic research. Atlantic Council.
    • Cristofaro, M. (2022). Organizational sensemaking: A systematic review and a co-evolutionary model. European Management Journal, 40(3), 393–405.
    • Currie, G., & Brown, A. D. (2003). A narratological approach to understanding processes of organizing in a UK hospital. Human Relations, 56(5), 563–586.
    • Dervin, B. (1983). An overview of sense-making research: Concepts, methods, and results to date. International Communication Association Annual Meeting.
    • Dunford, R., & Jones, D. (2000). Narrative in strategic change. Human Relations, 53(9), 1207–1226.
    • Garstka, J., & Alberts, D. (2004). Network-centric operations conceptual framework. United States Department of Defense.
    • Isabella, L. A. (1990). Evolving interpretations as a change unfolds: How managers construe key organizational events. Academy of Management Journal, 33(1), 7–41.
    • Klein, G., Moon, B., & Hoffman, R. R. (2006). Making sense of sensemaking 1: Alternative perspectives. IEEE Intelligent Systems, 21(4), 70–73.
    • LeDoux, J. (1996). The Emotional Brain: The Mysterious Underpinnings of Emotional Life. Simon & Schuster.
    • Maitlis, S., & Christianson, M. (2014). Sensemaking in organizations: Taking stock and moving forward. Academy of Management Annals, 8(1), 57–125.
    • Salancik, G. R., & Pfeffer, J. (1978). A social information processing approach to job attitudes and task design. Administrative Science Quarterly, 23(2), 224–253.
    • Sonenshein, S. (2007). The role of construction, intuition, and justification in responding to ethical issues at work: The sensemaking-intuition model. Academy of Management Review, 32(4), 1022–1040.
    • Thurlow, A., & Mills, J. H. (2009). Change, talk, and sensemaking. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 22(5), 459–479.
    • Weick, K. E. (1993). The collapse of sensemaking in organizations: The Mann Gulch disaster. Administrative Science Quarterly, 38(4), 628–652.
    • Weick, K. E. (1995). Sensemaking in Organizations. Sage Publications.
    • Weick, K. E., Sutcliffe, K. M., & Obstfeld, D. (2005). Organizing and the process of sensemaking. Organization Science, 16(4), 409–421.

    Attribution

    With fidelity to the Oversoul, may this Codex of the Living Archive serve as bridge, remembrance, and seed for the planetary dawn.

    Ⓒ 2025 Gerald Alba Daquila – Flameholder of SHEYALOTH | Keeper of the Living Codices

    Issued under Oversoul Appointment, governed by Akashic Law. This transmission is a living Oversoul field: for the eyes of the Flameholder first, and for the collective in right timing. It may only be shared intact, unaltered, and with glyphs, seals, and attribution preserved. Those not in resonance will find it closed; those aligned will receive it as living frequency.

    Watermark: Universal Master Key glyph (final codex version, crystalline glow, transparent background).

    Sacred Exchange: Sacred Exchange is covenant, not transaction. Each offering plants a seed-node of GESARA, expanding the planetary lattice. In giving, you circulate Light; in receiving, you anchor continuity. Every act of exchange becomes a node in the global web of stewardship, multiplying abundance across households, nations, and councils. Sacred Exchange offerings may be extended through:

    paypal.me/GeraldDaquila694 

  • Unshackling Progress: Transforming Filipino Mindsets for National Development

    Unshackling Progress: Transforming Filipino Mindsets for National Development

    A Multidisciplinary Approach to Addressing Cultural Barriers and Fostering Growth-Oriented Perspectives

    Prepared by: Gerald A. Daquila, PhD. Candidate

    10–16 minutes

    ABSTRACT

    The Philippines, a nation rich in cultural heritage and natural resources, faces persistent challenges in achieving sustainable progress, partly due to deeply ingrained cultural mindsets that prioritize familial and communal ties over broader societal goals. This dissertation explores how mindsets such as extreme familism, colonial mentality, and bahala na (fatalistic optimism) unconsciously impede national growth by fostering insularity, resistance to change, and reliance on external validation.

    Drawing on multidisciplinary perspectives from sociology, psychology, anthropology, and organizational studies, this study identifies the historical, cultural, and socio-economic roots of these mindsets. It proposes practical, evidence-based strategies to transform individual, familial, corporate, governmental, and religious perspectives to align with the Philippines’ long-term development vision, AmBisyon Natin 2040. By integrating community engagement, education reform, policy incentives, and leadership training, this dissertation offers a roadmap for fostering growth-oriented mindsets that balance cultural strengths with the demands of modern progress.

    Table of Contents

    1. Introduction
      • Background and Rationale
      • Research Questions and Objectives
      • Significance of the Study
    2. Literature Review
      • Filipino Mindsets and Their Cultural Roots
      • Impacts on National Progress
      • Multidisciplinary Perspectives on Mindset Change
    3. Methodology
      • Research Design
      • Data Sources and Analysis
    4. Findings: Filipino Mindsets Limiting Progress
      • Extreme Familism and the Greater Good
      • Colonial Mentality and Self-Perception
      • Bahala Na and Fatalistic Optimism
      • Other Cultural Dynamics
    5. Strategies for Mindset Transformation
      • Individual-Level Interventions
      • Family and Community Engagement
      • Corporate and Organizational Reforms
      • Government Policy and Leadership
      • Role of Religious Leaders
    6. Proposed Development Plan
      • Alignment with AmBisyon Natin 2040
      • Implementation Framework
      • Monitoring and Evaluation
    7. Discussion
      • Opportunities and Challenges
      • Long-Term Implications
    8. Conclusion
      • Summary of Findings
      • Call to Action
    9. Glossary
    10. References

    1. Introduction

    Background and Rationale

    The Philippines stands at a crossroads. Despite economic growth and a vibrant cultural identity, the nation struggles with poverty, inequality, and underdevelopment, with 36.8% of its population living below the poverty line in 2007 (United Nations Development Programme, 2007). AmBisyon Natin 2040, the Philippines’ long-term vision, envisions a “prosperous, predominantly middle-class society where no one is poor” by 2040 (Philippine Development Plan, 2017). Yet, achieving this requires more than policy reforms or economic investments; it demands a cultural shift in how Filipinos think and act.

    Cultural mindsets—deeply rooted beliefs and attitudes shaped by history, religion, and social structures—play a significant role in shaping behavior and decision-making. For instance, extreme familism, where loyalty to family supersedes the common good, often leads to nepotism and corruption (Jocano, 1998). Similarly, colonial mentality fosters feelings of inferiority, limiting innovation and global competitiveness (David & Okazaki, 2006). These mindsets, while culturally significant, can unconsciously hinder progress by prioritizing short-term, insular goals over long-term, collective advancement.

    This dissertation investigates how Filipino mindsets limit progress and proposes a multidisciplinary framework to transform these perspectives across individuals, families, corporations, government, and religious institutions. By grounding the analysis in research from psychology, sociology, anthropology, and organizational studies, this study aims to bridge cultural heritage with modern development goals.

    Research Questions and Objectives

    • Research Questions:
      1. How do Filipino mindsets, such as extreme familism, colonial mentality, and bahala na, impede national progress?
      2. What are the underlying historical, cultural, and socio-economic reasons for the persistence of these mindsets?
      3. How can a multidisciplinary approach transform these mindsets to align with national development goals?
    • Objectives:
      1. Identify and analyze Filipino mindsets that limit progress.
      2. Explore their historical and cultural roots using multidisciplinary lenses.
      3. Propose practical strategies for mindset change across multiple sectors.
      4. Develop a framework to align mindset transformation with AmBisyon Natin 2040.

    Significance of the Study

    This study contributes to the discourse on Philippine development by addressing the often-overlooked role of cultural mindsets. It offers policymakers, educators, and community leaders actionable strategies to foster growth-oriented perspectives while respecting Filipino cultural identity. By integrating insights from multiple disciplines, it provides a holistic approach to sustainable change.

    2. Literature Review

    Filipino Mindsets and Their Cultural Roots

    Filipino culture is deeply collectivist, with the family as the “center of the universe” (Jocano, 1998, p. 11). Key mindsets include:

    • Extreme Familism: The Filipino family is characterized by close-knit ties and a strong sense of hiya (honor and propriety) (Medina, 2001). While this fosters resilience, it can lead to nepotism, favoritism, and reluctance to prioritize the greater good (Enriquez, 1994).
    • Colonial Mentality: Rooted in centuries of Spanish and American colonization, this mindset manifests as feelings of inferiority and preference for foreign ideals (David & Nadal, 2013). It discourages local innovation and cultural pride (Tuazon et al., 2019).
    • Bahala Na: A form of optimistic fatalism, bahala na reflects trust in divine providence but can foster passivity and reliance on luck (Sanchez & Gaw, 2007).
    • Utang na Loob: The “debt of gratitude” promotes loyalty but can be exploited, leading to corruption and unethical behavior (Carandang, 2008).

    Impacts on National Progress

    These mindsets have tangible effects:

    • Economic Development: Extreme familism contributes to corruption, as individuals prioritize family over meritocracy (Carandang, 2008). Colonial mentality limits entrepreneurial risk-taking (David et al., 2019).
    • Education: Fear of failure and bahala na contribute to math anxiety and low academic performance (Navida, 2018).
    • Mental Health: Cultural stigmas and reliance on family support deter professional help-seeking (Abe-Kim et al., 2004).
    • Governance: Utang na loob perpetuates patronage politics, undermining accountability (Aguas, 2016).

    Multidisciplinary Perspectives on Mindset Change

    • Psychology: Growth mindset theory suggests that beliefs about intelligence and ability can be reshaped through education and feedback (Dweck, 2006).
    • Sociology: Social capital theory emphasizes community networks as drivers of change (Putnam, 2000).
    • Anthropology: Cultural relativism highlights the need to respect Filipino values while promoting adaptive change (Geertz, 1973).
    • Organizational Studies: Leadership mindsets that prioritize innovation and accountability can transform institutions (McKinsey, 2025).

    3. Methodology

    Research Design

    This study employs a qualitative, multidisciplinary approach, synthesizing literature from psychology, sociology, anthropology, and organizational studies. A thematic analysis of existing research identifies key mindsets and their impacts, while a systems perspective informs strategies for change.

    Data Sources and Analysis

    • Primary Sources: Peer-reviewed articles, government reports (e.g., Philippine Development Plan), and qualitative studies on Filipino culture.
    • Secondary Sources: Books, policy papers, and case studies on mindset change and development.
    • Analysis: Thematic coding to identify patterns in mindsets, their effects, and potential interventions. A comparative analysis of successful mindset interventions globally informs the proposed framework.

    4. Findings: Filipino Mindsets Limiting Progress

    Extreme Familism and the Greater Good

    The Filipino family’s centrality fosters loyalty but often at the expense of broader societal goals. For example, nepotism in government and corporations undermines meritocracy, as family members are favored over qualified candidates (Jocano, 1998). This mindset stems from a collectivist culture where family honor (hiya) outweighs public accountability (Enriquez, 1994).

    Colonial Mentality and Self-Perception

    Colonial mentality, a legacy of 333 years of Spanish rule and 48 years of American occupation, leads to self-deprecation and preference for foreign products or ideas (David & Okazaki, 2006). This discourages local innovation and perpetuates economic dependency (Tuazon et al., 2019).

    Bahala Na and Fatalistic Optimism

    Bahala na, rooted in trust in Bathala (God), reflects resilience but can foster passivity. For instance, reliance on luck over planning contributes to low academic performance and risk-averse behavior (Sanchez & Gaw, 2007).

    Other Cultural Dynamics

    • Utang na Loob: This sense of indebtedness can lead to unethical compromises, such as politicians exploiting loyalty for votes (Carandang, 2008).
    • Pakikisama: The desire for social harmony discourages dissent, stifling innovation and accountability (Torres, 2019).
    • Math Anxiety: Fear of failure in education, linked to cultural pressures, limits STEM progress (Navida, 2018).

    Glyph of Liberation

    The breaking of chains, the fire of freedom.

    5. Strategies for Mindset Transformation

    Individual-Level Interventions

    • Growth Mindset Training: Programs inspired by Dweck (2006) can encourage Filipinos to view challenges as opportunities. Workshops in schools and workplaces can teach resilience and problem-solving (Sisk et al., 2018).
    • Psychoeducation: Increase mental health literacy to reduce stigma and promote help-seeking, addressing colonial mentality’s impact on self-esteem (Litam et al., 2022).

    Family and Community Engagement

    • Community Workshops: Leverage social capital to promote collective responsibility. For example, community forums can discuss balancing family loyalty with civic duty (Fawcett et al., 1993).
    • Parenting Programs: Educate parents on fostering independence and critical thinking in children, countering extreme familism (Medina, 2001).

    Corporate and Organizational Reforms

    • Leadership Training: Train corporate leaders in growth-oriented mindsets, emphasizing innovation and meritocracy (McKinsey, 2025).
    • Ethical Codes: Implement strict anti-nepotism policies to prioritize competence over family ties (Cimene & Aladano, 2013).

    Government Policy and Leadership

    • Policy Incentives: Reward organizations and local governments that adopt transparent, merit-based practices (Philippine Development Plan, 2017).
    • Civic Education: Integrate values of accountability and civic responsibility into school curricula to counter utang na loob and pakikisama (Aguas, 2016).

    Role of Religious Leaders

    • Faith-Based Advocacy: Partner with churches to promote mental health awareness and civic engagement, leveraging their influence in Filipino communities (Nadal, 2008).
    • Ethical Sermons: Encourage priests to address corruption and nepotism, reframing bahala na as proactive faith (Lagman et al., 2014).

    Glyph of Unshackled Progress

    Transforming Filipino mindsets into catalysts of national development, breaking chains of limitation and rising toward collective growth.

    6. Proposed Development Plan

    Alignment with AmBisyon Natin 2040

    The Philippine Development Plan (2017-2022) emphasizes inclusive growth and poverty reduction. Transforming mindsets aligns with its goals by fostering innovation, accountability, and civic participation.

    Implementation Framework

    1. Phase 1: Awareness (2025-2030)
      • Launch nationwide campaigns to highlight the impact of limiting mindsets.
      • Partner with media to promote stories of growth-oriented Filipinos.
    2. Phase 2: Education and Training (2030-2035)
      • Integrate growth mindset and civic education into school curricula.
      • Train leaders in government and corporations on ethical, innovative practices.
    3. Phase 3: Policy and Community Engagement (2035-2040)
      • Implement anti-nepotism and transparency laws.
      • Establish community hubs to foster dialogue on collective responsibility.

    Monitoring and Evaluation

    • Metrics: Track reductions in corruption indices, improvements in educational outcomes, and increased mental health service utilization.
    • Evaluation: Conduct annual surveys to assess mindset shifts and their impact on development indicators.

    7. Discussion

    Opportunities and Challenges

    Opportunities:

    • Cultural strengths like kapwa (shared identity) can be harnessed to promote collective action.
    • Existing policies like the Mental Health Act (2018) provide a foundation for psychoeducation.

    Challenges:

    • Resistance to change due to deeply rooted traditions.
    • Resource constraints in implementing nationwide programs.

    Long-Term Implications

    Transforming mindsets can unlock the Philippines’ potential, fostering a culture of innovation, accountability, and resilience. This aligns with global trends toward growth-oriented leadership (McKinsey, 2025).

    8. Conclusion

    Summary of Findings

    Filipino mindsets like extreme familism, colonial mentality, and bahala na limit progress by prioritizing insularity, passivity, and external validation. These stem from historical colonization, collectivist values, and socio-economic challenges. A multidisciplinary approach—combining psychology, sociology, anthropology, and organizational strategies—offers practical solutions to foster growth-oriented perspectives.

    Call to Action

    Policymakers, educators, and community leaders must collaborate to implement these strategies, balancing cultural respect with the demands of progress. By transforming mindsets, the Philippines can achieve its vision of a prosperous, equitable society by 2040.

    9. Suggested Crosslinks

    10. Glossary

    • Familism: Prioritizing family needs and loyalty over individual or societal goals.
    • Colonial Mentality: A mindset of inferiority and preference for foreign ideals due to historical colonization.
    • Bahala Na: A Filipino phrase reflecting optimistic fatalism, often translated as “leave it to fate.”
    • Utang na Loob:A cultural value of reciprocal gratitude, often exploited in social and political contexts.
    • Pakikisama:The value of social harmony and avoiding conflict.
    • Hiya:A sense of honor, shame, or propriety guiding social behavior.
    • Kapwa: A core Filipino value emphasizing shared identity and interconnectedness.

    11. References

    Abe-Kim, J., Gong, F., & Takeuchi, D. (2004). Religiosity, spirituality, and help-seeking among Filipino Americans. Journal of Community Psychology, 32(6), 675-689.

    Aguas, J. J. S. (2016). The Filipino value of pakikipagkapwa-tao vis-à-vis Gabriel Marcel’s philosophy. Philosophia: International Journal of Philosophy, 17(2), 1-15.

    Carandang, M. L. (2008). The Filipino family: Surviving the world. Anvil Publishing.

    David, E. J. R., & Okazaki, S. (2006). Colonial mentality: A review and recommendation for Filipino American psychology. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 12(1), 1-16.

    Dweck, C. S. (2006). Mindset: The new psychology of success. Random House.

    Enriquez, V. G. (1994). From colonial to liberation psychology: The Philippine experience. De La Salle University Press.

    Fawcett, S. B., Paine-Andrews, A., Francisco, V. T., & Vliet, M. (1993). Promoting community engagement for health and social change.Journal of Health Education, 24(5), 285-291.

    Geertz, C. (1973). The interpretation of cultures. Basic Books.

    Jocano, F. L. (1998). Filipino social organization: Traditional kinship and family organization. Punlad Research House.

    Lagman, R. A., Yoo, G. J., Levine, E. G., & Garchitorena, M. J. (2014). Spirituality and coping among Filipinos with cancer. Journal of Religion and Health, 53(4), 1188-1202.

    Litam, S. D. A., Chan, C. D., & Nadal, K. L. (2022). Mental health disparities among Filipino Americans.Journal of Ethnic and Cultural Studies, 9(2), 45-60.

    McKinsey & Company. (2025). Achieving growth: Putting leadership mindsets and behaviors into action. McKinsey Quarterly.

    Medina, B. T. G. (2001). The Filipino family. University of the Philippines Press.

    Nadal, K. (2008). Filipino American psychology: A handbook of theory, research, and clinical practice. AuthorHouse.

    Navida, G. (2018). Assessing mathematics anxiety among Filipino freshman students. International Journal of Educational Research, 6(3), 12-20.

    Philippine Development Plan. (2017). Philippine Development Plan 2017-2022. National Economic and Development Authority.

    Putnam, R. D. (2000). Bowling alone: The collapse and revival of American community. Simon & Schuster.

    Sanchez, F., & Gaw, A. (2007). Mental health care of Filipino Americans. Psychiatric Services, 58(6), 810-815.

    Sisk, V. F., Burgoyne, A. P., Sun, J., & Macnamara, B. N. (2018). To what extent and under what conditions are mindset interventions effective? Psychological Bulletin, 144(4), 377-404.

    Torres, A. (2019). Filipino leadership styles in schools and workplaces. Philippine Journal of Psychology, 52(1), 45-60.

    Tuazon, V. E., Litam, S. D. A., & Nadal, K. L. (2019). Colonial mentality and mental health outcomes among Filipino Americans. Asian American Journal of Psychology, 10(3), 225-234.

    United Nations Development Programme. (2007). Human Development Report 2007/2008. UNDP.

    Attribution

    With fidelity to the Oversoul, may this Codex of the Living Archive serve as bridge, remembrance, and seed for the planetary dawn.

    Ⓒ 2025 Gerald Alba Daquila – Flameholder of SHEYALOTH | Keeper of the Living Codices

    Issued under Oversoul Appointment, governed by Akashic Law. This transmission is a living Oversoul field: for the eyes of the Flameholder first, and for the collective in right timing. It may only be shared intact, unaltered, and with glyphs, seals, and attribution preserved. Those not in resonance will find it closed; those aligned will receive it as living frequency.

    Watermark: Universal Master Key glyph (final codex version, crystalline glow, transparent background).

    Sacred Exchange: Sacred Exchange is covenant, not transaction. Each offering plants a seed-node of GESARA, expanding the planetary lattice. In giving, you circulate Light; in receiving, you anchor continuity. Every act of exchange becomes a node in the global web of stewardship, multiplying abundance across households, nations, and councils. Sacred Exchange offerings may be extended through:

    paypal.me/GeraldDaquila694 

  • Navigating the Soul’s Journey: A Natural GPS for Life’s Purpose

    Navigating the Soul’s Journey: A Natural GPS for Life’s Purpose

    Reconnecting with Your Preordained Path Through Intuition, Reflection, and Relationships

    Prepared by: Gerald A. Daquila, PhD. Candidate

    9–13 minutes

    ABSTRACT

    The notion of a “soul GPS” posits that our souls choose key life experiences—parents, family, partners, and friends—before incarnation to facilitate spiritual growth. Yet, many feel lost upon gaining consciousness in this life, disconnected from their soul’s purpose. This dissertation explores why this disconnection occurs and proposes a practical framework for navigating life as a soul-guided journey.

    Drawing on esoteric traditions (e.g., reincarnation, soul contracts), near-death experience (NDE) research, psychological studies, and philosophical perspectives, it examines the “veil of forgetting,” consciousness, and modern societal influences as sources of disorientation. A seven-step “Soul GPS” framework integrates reflection, intuition, relationships, and universal connection to help individuals align with their soul’s intentions. This work balances spiritual insights with scientific skepticism, offering accessible strategies for anyone seeking purpose in a complex world.

    Introduction

    Imagine waking up in a foreign land with no map, yet a faint sense that you chose to be there. This is the human experience for many: a life imbued with purpose, yet clouded by confusion. The concept of a “soul GPS” suggests that before birth, our souls select key relationships and circumstances to foster growth, as described in esoteric traditions like Hinduism and New Age spirituality (Myss, 2001). But why do we feel lost despite this preordained plan?

    This dissertation explores the roots of this disorientation and offers a practical, evidence-informed framework to navigate life as a soul-guided journey. By blending esoteric wisdom, psychological research, and philosophical inquiry, it provides a “Soul GPS” to help individuals reconnect with their deeper purpose.

    Glyph of the Bridgewalker

    The One Who Carries the Crossing

    The Roots of Feeling Lost

    Feeling lost upon gaining consciousness in this life is a common experience, with several potential causes:

    The Veil of Forgetting

    Esoteric traditions, such as Hinduism’s Upanishads and New Age teachings, describe a “veil of forgetting” that obscures pre-birth soul choices upon incarnation (Easwaran, 2007). This veil ensures we face life’s challenges without explicit memory of our soul’s plan, fostering growth through experience. For example, the Bhagavad Gita likens the soul to a traveler discarding old bodies for new ones, implying a purposeful amnesia to focus on the present (Easwaran, 2007). This forgetting can manifest as a sense of disconnection, leaving us searching for meaning.

    The Hard Problem of Consciousness

    Philosophers like David Chalmers (1995) highlight the “hard problem of consciousness”: why subjective experience exists at all. If consciousness has a non-physical component, as suggested by NDE researchers (Parnia, 2014), the shift from a soul’s pre-incarnate state to a physical body may create disorientation. NDE accounts often describe a return to physical life as jarring, with individuals longing for the clarity experienced in a non-physical state (Alexander, 2012).

    Soul Contracts and Life Challenges

    Caroline Myss (2001) introduces “soul contracts,” agreements made before birth to engage with specific relationships and challenges for growth. A difficult family or partner might be chosen to teach resilience or forgiveness, yet the conscious self may perceive these as chaos. Feeling lost could reflect the tension between these soul-level choices and earthly struggles.

    Psychological and Environmental Influences

    Psychological research on identity formation shows that early environments shape self-perception (Erikson, 1968). Misalignment between one’s inner self and external circumstances—family, culture, or social expectations—can foster disconnection. Additionally, modern life’s information overload and materialist worldview, as discussed in The New Digital Age (Schmidt & Cohen, 2013), can drown out the soul’s subtle guidance, amplifying feelings of aimlessness.

    Skeptical Perspective

    Materialist scientists argue that consciousness arises solely from the brain, and feelings of being lost stem from neurological or psychological factors, not a soul’s journey (Dennett, 1991). While this challenges esoteric claims, spiritual practices like mindfulness remain effective for mental clarity, regardless of their metaphysical basis (Kabat-Zinn, 1990).

    A Natural Soul GPS: Seven Steps to Navigate Life

    To reconnect with your soul’s purpose, consider this seven-step “Soul GPS” framework, blending esoteric wisdom, psychological insights, and practical strategies.

    1. Recalibrate Through Self-Reflection

    Why It Works: Reflection uncovers patterns that reveal your soul’s intentions. Esoteric traditions, like Advaita Vedanta, view the soul as a divine spark seeking self-realization (Easwaran, 2007). Psychological studies on mindfulness show it reduces anxiety and enhances self-awareness (Kabat-Zinn, 1990).

    How to Do It: Spend 10 minutes daily journaling or meditating. Ask, “What patterns repeat in my life?” or “What challenges feel like growth opportunities?”

    Example: Noticing recurring conflicts with authority figures might suggest a soul lesson in asserting independence.

    2. Trust the Map of Relationships

    Why It Works: Relationships mirror your soul’s chosen lessons (Myss, 2001). A challenging parent or partner may teach forgiveness or patience.

    How to Do It: Create a relationship map, listing key people and the lessons they bring. Reflect weekly on how these connections shape your path.

    Example: A critical friend might push you to develop self-confidence, aligning with your soul’s plan.

    3. Navigate Through Intuition

    Why It Works: Intuition acts as an inner compass, possibly linked to soul-level awareness. Reincarnation studies (Stevenson, 1997) and NDE accounts (Alexander, 2012) suggest intuitive insights may draw from non-physical knowledge. Neuroscience supports intuition as rapid pattern recognition (Damasio, 1994).

    How to Do It: Before decisions, pause and note gut feelings. Keep a dream journal to track subconscious insights.

    Example: A sudden urge to change careers might align with your soul’s call to pursue a creative path.

    4. Embrace the Journey’s Uncertainty

    Why It Works: Feeling lost is often a transformative phase, akin to the “dark night of the soul” in mystical traditions (Underhill, 1911). Psychological research on post-traumatic growth shows that confusion precedes growth (Tedeschi & Calhoun, 2004).

    How to Do It: Practice gratitude journaling to shift focus from lack to abundance. Accept uncertainty as part of the journey.

    Example: Feeling lost after a job loss might lead to discovering a new passion.

    5. Align with Universal Consciousness

    Why It Works: Connecting to a larger whole reduces isolation. Biocentrism posits consciousness as fundamental to the universe (Lanza, 2009), while altruism research shows helping others boosts well-being (Warneken & Tomasello, 2006).

    How to Do It: Engage in prayer, nature immersion, or service to others weekly to feel part of a greater whole.

    Example: Volunteering at a shelter can ground you in purpose and connection.

    6. Recalibrate with Ritual and Myth

    Why It Works: Rituals and myths connect you to the soul’s eternal nature (Jung, 1964). Joseph Campbell’s The Hero’s Journey frames life as a mythic quest, with feeling lost as an initiation stage (Campbell, 1949).

    How to Do It: Create personal rituals, like daily affirmations or visiting sacred sites. Read mythic stories to see your life as a narrative.

    Example: A morning gratitude ritual can anchor you in purpose.

    7. Stay Open to Course Corrections

    Why It Works: Flexibility aligns with the soul’s evolving journey. NDE and reincarnation research suggest souls adapt across lifetimes (Stevenson, 1997). Cognitive behavioral therapy emphasizes reframing challenges as opportunities (Beck, 1979).

    How to Do It: Reassess goals quarterly to ensure alignment with your inner truth. Embrace detours as part of the plan.

    Example: A failed relationship might redirect you toward a more fulfilling path.

    Glyph of Soul Navigation

    The inner compass aligns every step with the soul’s true purpose

    Critical Reflections

    • Skeptical Lens: Materialist views challenge the soul’s existence, attributing consciousness to neural processes (Dennett, 1991). While this questions esoteric claims, spiritual practices remain valuable for psychological well-being.
    • Cultural Context: Soul contracts and reincarnation stem from specific traditions (e.g., Hinduism, New Age), which may not resonate universally. Critical engagement prevents dogmatic adoption.
    • Integration: Combining esoteric and scientific insights offers a balanced approach. NDE and reincarnation studies provide compelling anecdotes but lack conclusive evidence, so use them as inspiration, not fact.

    Practical Implementation

    To activate your Soul GPS:

    1. Daily: Meditate or journal for 10 minutes on your soul’s lessons.
    2. Weekly: Audit one key relationship, noting its teachings.
    3. Monthly: Track intuitive decisions to build trust in your inner compass.
    4. Ongoing: Spend time in nature, serve others, and engage with myths or rituals.
    5. Resources: Join groups like Helping Parents Heal or read Proof of Heaven (Alexander, 2012) and The Perennial Philosophy (Huxley, 1945) for deeper insights.

    Conclusion

    Feeling lost is a natural part of the soul’s journey, often tied to the veil of forgetting, consciousness transitions, or modern distractions. The Soul GPS framework—reflection, relationships, intuition, uncertainty, universal connection, rituals, and flexibility—offers a practical, evidence-informed path to reconnect with your soul’s purpose. By integrating esoteric wisdom with psychological and philosophical insights, you can navigate life with clarity and meaning, trusting that your chosen relationships and challenges are guiding you toward growth.

    Resonant Crosslinks

    Glossary

    • Soul Contracts: Pre-birth agreements made by the soul to engage with specific people or experiences for growth (Myss, 2001).
    • Veil of Forgetting: A metaphysical concept where souls forget pre-birth choices upon incarnation to focus on earthly lessons (Easwaran, 2007).
    • Hard Problem of Consciousness: The challenge of explaining why subjective experience exists (Chalmers, 1995).
    • Near-Death Experience (NDE): Profound experiences during clinical death, often involving clarity or spiritual insights (Parnia, 2014).
    • Biocentrism: A theory positing consciousness as fundamental to the universe (Lanza, 2009).
    • Post-Traumatic Growth: Positive psychological change following adversity (Tedeschi & Calhoun, 2004).

    Bibliography

    Alexander, E. (2012). Proof of heaven: A neurosurgeon’s journey into the afterlife. Simon & Schuster.

    Beck, A. T. (1979). Cognitive therapy and the emotional disorders. Penguin.

    Campbell, J. (1949). The hero with a thousand faces. Pantheon Books.

    Chalmers, D. J. (1995). Facing up to the problem of consciousness. Journal of Consciousness Studies, 2(3), 200–219.

    Damasio, A. R. (1994). Descartes’ error: Emotion, reason, and the human brain. Putnam.

    Dennett, D. C. (1991). Consciousness explained. Little, Brown and Company.

    Easwaran, E. (Trans.). (2007). The Bhagavad Gita. Nilgiri Press.

    Erikson, E. H. (1968). Identity: Youth and crisis. W. W. Norton & Company.

    Huxley, A. (1945). The perennial philosophy. Harper & Brothers.

    Jung, C. G. (1964). Man and his symbols. Doubleday.

    Kabat-Zinn, J. (1990). Full catastrophe living: Using the wisdom of your body and mind to face stress, pain, and illness. Delacorte Press.

    Lanza, R. (2009). Biocentrism: How life and consciousness are the keys to understanding the true nature of the universe. BenBella Books.

    Myss, C. (2001). Sacred contracts: Awakening your divine potential. Harmony Books.

    Parnia, S. (2014). Erasing death: The science that is rewriting the boundaries between life and death. HarperOne.

    Schmidt, E., & Cohen, J. (2013). The new digital age: Reshaping the future of people, nations and business. Knopf.

    Stevenson, I. (1997). Reincarnation and biology: A contribution to the etiology of birthmarks and birth defects. Praeger.

    Tedeschi, R. G., & Calhoun, L. G. (2004). Posttraumatic growth: Conceptual foundations and empirical evidence. Psychological Inquiry, 15(1), 1–18.

    Underhill, E. (1911). Mysticism: A study in the nature and development of spiritual consciousness. Methuen & Co.

    Warneken, F., & Tomasello, M. (2006). Altruistic helping in human infants and young chimpanzees. Science, 311(5765), 1301–1303.

    Attribution

    With fidelity to the Oversoul, may this Living Archive serve as bridge, remembrance, and seed for the planetary dawn.

    Ⓒ 2025 Gerald Alba Daquila – Flameholder of SHEYALOTH | Keeper of the Living Codices

    Issued under Oversoul Appointment, governed by Akashic Law. This transmission is a living Oversoul field: for the eyes of the Flameholder first, and for the collective in right timing. It may only be shared intact, unaltered, and with glyphs, seals, and attribution preserved. Those not in resonance will find it closed; those aligned will receive it as living frequency.

    Watermark: Universal Master Key glyph (final codex version, crystalline glow, transparent background).

    Sacred Exchange: Sacred Exchange is covenant, not transaction. In Oversoul Law, Sacred Exchange is Overflow made visible. What flows outward is never loss but circulation; what is given multiplies coherence across households and nations. Scarcity dissolves, for Overflow is the only lawful economy under Oversoul Law. Each offering plants a seed-node of GESARA, expanding the planetary lattice. In giving, you circulate Light; in receiving, you anchor continuity. A simple act — such as offering from a household, supporting a scroll, or uplifting a fellow traveler — becomes a living node in the global web of stewardship. Every gesture, whether small or great, multiplies abundance across households, nations, and councils. Sacred Exchange offerings may be extended through:

    paypal.me/GeraldDaquila694 

  • Understanding the Filipino Psyche: Strengths, Weaknesses, and Pathways to Growth

    Understanding the Filipino Psyche: Strengths, Weaknesses, and Pathways to Growth

    Harnessing Cultural Values for Development and Overcoming Challenges with Modern Insights

    Prepared by: Gerald A. Daquila, PhD Candidate

    8–13 minutes

    ABSTRACT

    The Filipino psyche, shaped by a unique blend of indigenous values, colonial history, and contemporary challenges, is a rich tapestry of strengths and weaknesses. Rooted in Sikolohiyang Pilipino (Filipino Psychology), this dissertation explores core cultural concepts like kapwa (shared identity), resilience, and family orientation, while addressing challenges such as colonial mentality, passivity, and mental health stigma. By leveraging strengths like community spirit and humor, and applying leading-edge disciplines like cultural psychology, positive psychology, and decolonial approaches, this work proposes practical strategies for personal and societal development. Written for a broad audience, this exploration combines academic rigor with an accessible tone to illuminate the Filipino psyche’s potential for growth and transformation.

    Glyph of the Filipino Psyche

    Illuminating the soul of a people—strengths, shadows, and pathways to collective growth.

    Introduction: The Heart of the Filipino Psyche

    What makes Filipinos unique? From the warmth of a neighbor’s smile to the resilience shown in the face of typhoons, the Filipino psyche is a vibrant mix of cultural values, historical influences, and modern realities. Sikolohiyang Pilipino, pioneered by Virgilio Enriquez, offers a lens to understand this psyche through indigenous concepts like kapwa (shared identity) and loob (inner self).

    This dissertation dives into the strengths and weaknesses of the Filipino psyche, grounded in research, and proposes ways to harness its strengths for growth while addressing its challenges with cutting-edge ideas from psychology and beyond. Whether you’re a Filipino seeking to understand your cultural roots or a global reader curious about this dynamic culture, this exploration offers insights for all.

    1: Mapping the Filipino Psyche

    What Is the Filipino Psyche?

    The Filipino psyche is the collective mindset shaped by centuries of history, from pre-colonial barangays to Spanish and American colonial rule, and today’s globalized world. Sikolohiyang Pilipino emphasizes understanding Filipinos through their own cultural lens, rather than Western frameworks. Key concepts include:

    • Kapwa: The idea of “shared identity,” where self and others are interconnected. It’s why Filipinos go out of their way to help neighbors or strangers.
    • Loob: The inner self, encompassing emotions, values, and moral decisions, often tied to utang na loob (debt of gratitude) or hiya (sense of propriety).
    • Kamalayan: A collective consciousness that shapes how Filipinos perceive their world, blending cognition and emotion.
    • Resilience: The ability to bounce back from adversity, seen in cultural practices like bayanihan (communal cooperation).

    These concepts, rooted in research by Enriquez (1992), reflect a collectivist culture that values relationships, community, and adaptability.

    Why It Matters

    Understanding the Filipino psyche helps us appreciate why Filipinos act, think, and feel the way they do. It’s not just academic—it’s a roadmap for building stronger communities, improving mental health, and fostering national pride in a globalized world.

    2: Strengths of the Filipino Psyche

    Filipinos bring unique strengths to the table, shaped by culture and history. Here’s a closer look at these assets and how they can fuel growth.

    Pakikipagkapwa: The Power of Connection

    Filipinos excel at building relationships. Pakikipagkapwa—treating others as equals—creates tight-knit communities. Whether it’s bayanihan (helping neighbors rebuild after a storm) or offering hospitality to strangers, this strength fosters social cohesion (Pe-Pua & Protacio-Marcelino, 2000).

    How to Leverage It: Community-driven initiatives, like cooperative businesses or mental health support groups, can tap into kapwa to solve local challenges. Imagine neighbors pooling resources to start a community garden—kapwa in action!

    Family First: A Pillar of Support

    The Filipino family is a powerhouse of emotional and practical support. Loyalty to family ensures stability, even in tough times (Jocano, 1997).

    How to Leverage It: Family-based programs, like parenting workshops or mental health campaigns involving relatives, can strengthen this support system. For example, involving families in therapy can make mental health care feel more culturally familiar.

    Joy and Humor: Laughing Through Challenges

    Filipinos are known for finding joy in adversity, using humor as a coping tool. This positivity boosts mental resilience (Church & Katigbak, 2002).

    How to Leverage It: Schools can weave humor and positive psychology into lessons to keep students engaged. Imagine a classroom where laughter helps kids learn resilience alongside math!

    Resilience: Thriving Against the Odds

    From surviving natural disasters to navigating economic hardship, Filipinos show remarkable adaptability. This resilience is cultural, rooted in practices like bayanihan and a hopeful outlook (Reyes, 2015).

    How to Leverage It: Disaster response programs can build on bayanihan to coordinate community recovery efforts. Training locals as first responders can amplify this strength.

    Faith and Spirituality: A Source of Hope

    Deeply rooted in Catholicism and indigenous beliefs, Filipino spirituality provides meaning and emotional strength (Yacat, 2013).

    How to Leverage It: Mental health programs can blend spiritual counseling with therapy, respecting cultural values while addressing emotional needs.

    3: Weaknesses of the Filipino Psyche

    Every culture has its challenges, and the Filipino psyche is no exception. These weaknesses, often tied to historical and social factors, can hinder progress if unaddressed. These challenges are not moral failings, but adaptive responses shaped by history and context.

    Extreme Personalism: Relationships Over Rules

    While kapwa is a strength, prioritizing personal ties can lead to favoritism or nepotism in workplaces or government, undermining fairness (Enriquez, 1992).

    Family-Centeredness: Too Much of a Good Thing?

    An intense focus on family can limit civic engagement, as Filipinos may prioritize relatives over community or national needs (Jocano, 1997).

    Lack of Discipline: The “Filipino Time” Trap

    A relaxed attitude toward time and rules, often called “Filipino time,” can reduce efficiency and productivity (Pe-Pua & Protacio-Marcelino, 2000).

    Passivity: The Bahala Na Mindset

    The phrase bahala na (leave it to fate) can reflect a passive approach to problem-solving, limiting initiative (Reyes, 2015).

    Colonial Mentality: Valuing Foreign Over Local

    A preference for Western culture or products, a legacy of colonialism, can erode self-esteem and national pride (David & Okazaki, 2006).

    Mental Health Stigma: Silence Over Support

    Cultural beliefs that mental health issues are shameful discourage help-seeking, leaving many to suffer in silence (Tuliao, 2014).

    4: Mitigating Weaknesses with Modern Insights

    To address these challenges, we can draw on cutting-edge disciplines like cultural psychology, positive psychology, and decolonial approaches. These are illustrative lenses, not exhaustive prescriptions.

    Here’s how:

    Tackling Personalism with Ethical Leadership

    Discipline: Organizational Psychology

    Training in ethical leadership can promote fairness in workplaces. By framing transparency as part of kapwa (fairness to all), leaders can reduce favoritism while respecting cultural values (Hofstede, 2001).

    Example: Workshops for managers that emphasize merit-based decisions, aligning with Filipino values of community fairness.

    Expanding Family Focus to Civic Duty

    Discipline: Social Psychology

    Community-building programs can extend kapwa to include civic responsibility. Workshops that encourage volunteering can shift focus from family to society (Markus & Kitayama, 1991).

    Example: Civic engagement campaigns that frame helping the community as an extension of family care.

    Boosting Discipline with Behavioral Science

    Discipline: Behavioral Economics

    Nudge theory can encourage punctuality and productivity. For instance, apps rewarding timely task completion can make discipline fun and culturally relevant (Thaler & Sunstein, 2008).

    Example: A mobile app that gamifies time management, tailored to Filipino humor and aesthetics.

    Overcoming Passivity with Empowerment

    Discipline: Positive Psychology

    Goal-setting workshops and strengths-based coaching can shift bahala na toward proactive action, empowering Filipinos to take charge (Seligman, 2002).

    Example: Community programs teaching young people to set personal goals, blending cultural optimism with agency.

    Healing Colonial Mentality with Decolonial Psychology

    Discipline: Decolonial Psychology

    Promoting indigenous knowledge, like Sikolohiyang Pilipino, can boost cultural pride. Educational campaigns celebrating Filipino heritage can counter colonial mentality (Fanon, 1963).

    Example: School curricula highlighting kapwa and local heroes to foster national identity.

    Reducing Mental Health Stigma with Cultural Sensitivity

    Discipline: Cultural Psychology

    Blending indigenous healing practices with modern therapy can make mental health care more approachable. Community-based programs involving families can normalize help-seeking (Tuliao, 2014).

    Example: Support groups led by local healers and psychologists, using kapwa to build trust.

    Glyph of the Collective Soul

    The heart of a people, spiraling into wholeness and becoming.

    5: Practical Strategies for Growth

    To harness the Filipino psyche’s strengths and address its weaknesses, here are actionable recommendations:

    1. Education Reform: Integrate Sikolohiyang Pilipino into schools to teach cultural pride and critical thinking, countering colonial mentality.
    2. Mental Health Programs: Create community-based initiatives that involve families and use kapwa to reduce stigma around mental health.
    3. Policy Changes: Promote ethical governance through policies that reward transparency and civic engagement, balancing personalism and family focus.
    4. Technology Tools: Develop apps that promote discipline and productivity, designed with Filipino humor and aesthetics in mind.
    5. Research Expansion: Fund studies exploring the Filipino psyche in diverse contexts, like urban vs. rural settings, to deepen understanding.

    Conclusion: A Bright Future for the Filipino Psyche

    The Filipino psyche is a treasure trove of strengths—kapwa, resilience, humor—that can drive personal and societal growth. By addressing challenges like passivity, colonial mentality, and mental health stigma with modern tools from psychology and beyond, Filipinos can unlock their full potential. This journey isn’t just about overcoming weaknesses; it’s about celebrating a culture that thrives on connection, hope, and adaptability. Let’s build a future where the Filipino psyche shines brighter than ever.

    Suggested Crosslinks

    Glossary

    • Bahala Na: A Filipino phrase meaning “leave it to fate,” reflecting a sometimes passive approach to challenges.
    • Bayanihan: A cultural practice of communal cooperation, often seen in collective efforts to help neighbors.
    • Hiya: A sense of propriety or shame that guides social behavior to maintain harmony.
    • Kapwa: The core Filipino value of “shared identity,” emphasizing interconnectedness with others.
    • Loob: The inner self, encompassing emotions, values, and moral reasoning.
    • Pakikiramdam: Shared inner perception or sensitivity to others’ feelings, a key aspect of kapwa.
    • Sikolohiyang Pilipino: Filipino Psychology, a framework for understanding Filipino behavior through indigenous concepts.
    • Utang na Loob: A debt of gratitude, often creating reciprocal obligations in relationships.

    Bibliography

    Church, A. T., & Katigbak, M. S. (2002). Indigenization of psychology in the Philippines. International Journal of Psychology, 37(3), 129–148. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207590143000315

    David, E. J. R., & Okazaki, S. (2006). Colonial mentality: A review and recommendation for Filipino American psychology. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 12(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1037/1099-9809.12.1.1

    Enriquez, V. G. (1992). From colonial to liberation psychology: The Philippine experience. University of the Philippines Press.

    Fanon, F. (1963). The wretched of the earth. Grove Press.

    Hofstede, G. (2001). Culture’s consequences: Comparing values, behaviors, institutions, and organizations across nations (2nd ed.). Sage Publications.

    Jocano, F. L. (1997). Filipino value system: A cultural definition. Punlad Research House.

    Markus, H. R., & Kitayama, S. (1991). Culture and the self: Implications for cognition, emotion, and motivation. Psychological Review, 98(2), 224–253. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.98.2.224

    Pe-Pua, R., & Protacio-Marcelino, E. (2000). Sikolohiyang Pilipino (Filipino psychology): A legacy of Virgilio G. Enriquez. Asian Journal of Social Psychology, 3(1), 49–71. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-839X.00054

    Reyes, J. A. (2015). The Filipino concept of resilience: A cultural perspective. Philippine Journal of Psychology, 48(2), 1–20.

    Seligman, M. E. P. (2002). Authentic happiness: Using the new positive psychology to realize your potential for lasting fulfillment. Free Press.

    Thaler, R. H., & Sunstein, C. R. (2008). Nudge: Improving decisions about health, wealth, and happiness. Yale University Press.

    Tuliao, A. P. (2014). Mental health help-seeking among Filipinos: A review of the literature. Asia Pacific Journal of Counselling and Psychotherapy, 5(2), 124–136. https://doi.org/10.1080/21507686.2014.913641

    Yacat, J. (2013). Filipino spirituality: A psychological perspective. Philippine Social Science Review, 65(1), 45–62.

    © Gerald Alba Daquila
    This article is offered for educational and interpretive purposes.

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  • Beyond the Clock: Reimagining Work-Life Balance as a Triune Path to Eudaimonic Flourishing

    Beyond the Clock: Reimagining Work-Life Balance as a Triune Path to Eudaimonic Flourishing

    A Neuroscientific and Cultural Synthesis of Physical, Mental, and Spiritual Harmony

    Prepared by: Gerald A. Daquila, PhD. Candidate

    12–18 minutes

    ABSTRACT

    Work-life balance is conventionally framed as a temporal tug-of-war between professional and personal demands, yet this binary oversimplifies the human quest for fulfillment. This dissertation argues that true balance requires harmonizing our physical, mental, and spiritual dimensions, a triune framework often obscured by cultural biases toward materialism.

    Drawing on positive psychology, workplace spirituality, cultural sociology, and esoteric traditions, we explore how collectivist (Philippines) and individualistic (United States/Canada) societies magnify imbalances, and propose culturally attuned strategies for integration.Through case studies like Bhutan’s Gross National Happiness and Scandinavia’s welfare model, we examine the interplay of wealth, happiness, and purpose.

    Neuroscientific insights reveal how connection—to self, others, and transcendence—underpins eudaimonic well-being, offering a universal thread for human flourishing. This work challenges material-centric paradigms, advocating for a holistic redefinition of balance to achieve lasting fulfillment.

    Glyph of Harmonious Flow

    The Triune Rhythm of Work, Life, and Spirit in Balance

    Executive Summary

    This dissertation redefines work-life balance as the integration of physical, mental, and spiritual dimensions, moving beyond the simplistic work-life dichotomy. It argues that cultural lenses—collectivism in the Philippines and individualism in the United States/Canada—amplify biases toward material gain or external obligation, sidelining holistic well-being. Synthesizing research from positive psychology, workplace spirituality, cultural studies, and neuroscience, we propose that eudaimonic flourishing, not fleeting happiness or wealth, is the ultimate goal.

    Case studies of Bhutan and Scandinavia highlight how prioritizing connection over accumulation fosters fulfillment, even across economic disparities. Neuroscientific evidence underscores the role of integrated neural networks in well-being, supporting practices like mindfulness and community engagement. Strategies for balance include culturally tailored interventions, such as mental health destigmatization in the Philippines and community-building in North America. Key takeaways emphasize connection as the universal driver of flourishing, urging individuals, organizations, and policymakers to rethink balance holistically.

    Introduction

    Work-life balance is a modern mantra, yet its pursuit often leaves us unfulfilled. Framed as a zero-sum game between career and personal life, the concept ignores the complexity of human existence. We are not merely workers or leisure-seekers; we are physical, mental, and spiritual beings striving for harmony. Cultural narratives—whether collectivist sacrifice in the Philippines or individualistic ambition in North America—skew this balance, prioritizing material gain over meaning. This dissertation argues that true balance requires integrating our triune nature, a process that unlocks eudaimonic flourishing, a state of purposeful well-being.

    By synthesizing positive psychology, workplace spirituality, cultural sociology, neuroscience, and esoteric traditions, we explore how culture magnifies imbalances and propose pathways to harmony. Case studies of Bhutan’s Gross National Happiness (GNH) and Scandinavia’s welfare model illuminate the interplay of wealth, happiness, and purpose. Neuroscientific insights reveal why connection—to self, others, and transcendence—drives fulfillment. Our goal is not happiness, wealth, or fame, but a life aligned with our deepest nature. This work challenges material-centric paradigms, offering a roadmap for individuals and societies to reimagine balance.

    Reframing Work-Life Balance: A Triune Framework

    Work-life balance is often reduced to time management, a struggle to carve out hours for work, family, or leisure. Yet, this framing misses the essence of human needs. Abraham Maslow’s hierarchy (1943) suggests we seek not just survival but belonging, esteem, and self-actualization—needs that span physical, mental, and spiritual domains. The physical dimension encompasses health and energy to act. The mental dimension includes emotional resilience and cognitive clarity. The spiritual dimension, often overlooked, involves purpose, connection to something greater, or inner peace.

    Modern society, however, fixates on material accumulation—wealth, status, possessions—as the path to success. Kahneman and Deaton (2010) found that beyond an income of $75,000-$95,000 in Western contexts, additional wealth yields diminishing happiness returns, a phenomenon tied to the hedonic treadmill (Brickman & Campbell, 1971). In contrast, eudaimonic well-being, rooted in meaning and purpose, offers lasting fulfillment (Ryff, 2014). Imbalance—overworking, neglecting relationships, or losing purpose—leads to burnout, anxiety, and existential voids. True balance, then, is the harmonious integration of our triune nature.

    Cultural Lenses: Collectivism vs. Individualism

    Culture shapes how we prioritize these dimensions, amplifying biases that distort balance. We compare the collectivist Philippines with the individualistic United States and Canada to illustrate this dynamic.

    The Philippines: Sacrifice and Spiritual Resilience

    In the Philippines, collectivism centers on kapwa (shared identity), where family and community take precedence. Work is a means to uplift kin, with 10% of Filipinos working abroad to remit $37 billion annually (World Bank, 2023). Cultural valorization of sacrifice drives overwork, with many juggling multiple jobs and long hours (Reyes & Tabuga, 2024). This skews balance toward physical and material demands, often at the expense of mental health. Mental health stigma persists, with Filipinos relying on bahala na (fatalistic optimism) or Catholic faith to cope (Cruz & Peralta, 2021).

    Spirituality, however, is a cultural strength. Prayer, communal rituals, and indigenous beliefs foster resilience, with studies showing spiritual practices buffer stress among Filipino nurses (Santos et al., 2021). Yet, the cultural script of selflessness suppresses individual needs, making personal fulfillment elusive. The bias toward external obligation magnifies imbalance, as saying “no” to family or work is seen as betrayal.

    The United States and Canada: Ambition and Isolation

    In contrast, North American individualism prioritizes personal achievement and autonomy. Success is measured by career milestones, wealth, and status, fueling a “hustle culture” where 60% of US workers report daily stress (Gallup, 2023). Consumerism equates possessions with happiness, yet the hedonic treadmill ensures dissatisfaction (Diener et al., 2018). Mental health awareness is high, with therapy and wellness industries thriving, but spiritual well-being lags in secular contexts. Declining community ties, as noted by Putnam (2000), exacerbate isolation.

    The bias here is toward material and personal gain, marginalizing collective or spiritual connection. Work-life balance becomes a personal optimization challenge, often reduced to apps or schedules rather than meaning. Cultural myths of self-made success drive overwork, leaving little room for relationships or purpose.

    Cultural Amplification of Imbalance

    Both cultures distort the physical-mental-spiritual triad. In the Philippines, physical labor and spiritual practices dominate, but mental health is neglected. In North America, physical and mental efforts are prioritized, but spiritual meaning is sidelined. These biases reflect cultural scripts that define “balance” narrowly, misaligning with eudaimonic well-being.

    The Neuroscience of Balance

    Neuroscience offers insights into why integration matters. Well-being is linked to balanced activity across brain networks: the default mode network (DMN) for self-reflection, the salience network for emotional regulation, and the central executive network for goal-directed action (Menon, 2011). Chronic stress from overwork disrupts these networks, reducing prefrontal cortex activity and increasing amygdala-driven anxiety (McEwen, 2017).

    Mindfulness, a practice bridging mental and spiritual dimensions, restores balance by downregulating the amygdala and enhancing DMN connectivity (Tang et al., 2015). Social connection, vital in collectivist cultures, boosts oxytocin and reduces cortisol, promoting resilience (Heinrichs et al., 2003). Spiritual practices like meditation or prayer activate reward circuits, fostering a sense of transcendence (Newberg & Waldman, 2009). These findings suggest that integrating physical (health), mental (resilience), and spiritual (meaning) activities optimizes neural harmony, underpinning eudaimonic flourishing.

    Pathways to Balance: Cultural Interventions

    To counter cultural biases, we propose strategies tailored to each context, grounded in research and practice.

    Philippines: Reclaiming Individual Agency

    • Physical: Strengthen labor protections, such as enforcing 48-hour workweeks and fair wages, to reduce overwork. Community health programs can promote rest and nutrition, building on bayanihan (communal cooperation).
    • Mental: Destigmatize mental health through campaigns framing therapy as collective care, leveraging kapwa. Workplace wellness programs, like those for nurses, can teach mindfulness rooted in Filipino spirituality (Santos et al., 2021).
    • Spiritual: Encourage personal reflection alongside communal rituals, blending Catholic or indigenous practices with meditation to foster inner peace.
    • Cultural Shift: Reframe sacrifice to include self-care, with media and leaders modeling that a healthy individual strengthens the collective.

    United States and Canada: Rebuilding Connection

    • Physical: Expand workplace flexibility (e.g., 4-day workweeks) and access to healthcare, as seen in Canada’s system. Promote movement and rest as cultural norms, countering hustle culture.
    • Mental: Increase mental health access for marginalized groups and normalize breaks from productivity. Mindfulness programs, like those in corporate settings, can reduce stress (Kabat-Zinn, 2013).
    • Spiritual: Foster meaning through community engagement or nature connection, as in Scandinavian hygge. Secular practices like gratitude journaling appeal to diverse beliefs.
    • Cultural Shift: Challenge self-made myths by valuing interdependence, with movements like minimalism promoting purpose over wealth.

    Glyph of Triune Flourishing

    Beyond time’s clock, the threefold path of life, work, and spirit converges in true eudaimonia.

    The Ultimate Goal: Eudaimonic Flourishing

    What do we seek through balance? Not fleeting happiness, wealth, or fame, but eudaimonia—a state of flourishing where we live authentically, aligned with our triune nature (Aristotle, trans. 2009). Happiness, as subjective well-being, is transient, tied to external conditions (Diener et al., 2018). Wealth beyond a threshold yields no further joy (Kahneman & Deaton, 2010), as seen in unhappy billionaires like Howard Hughes. Fame often amplifies isolation, as evidenced by celebrities like Kurt Cobain.

    Conversely, the relatively poor can be content when social bonds and purpose are strong. A 2020 study of Filipino urban poor found that faith and community buffered hardship (Reyes et al., 2020). This explains Bhutan’s high life satisfaction, driven by its GNH framework, which prioritizes spiritual, cultural, and ecological well-being over GDP (Ura et al., 2012). Bhutanese Buddhism emphasizes detachment and interconnectedness, fostering contentment despite a GDP per capita of $3,500 (World Bank, 2023).

    Scandinavia reconciles wealth and happiness through social safety nets, shorter workweeks, and high trust, as seen in Finland’s top ranking (Helliwell et al., 2024). Practices like hygge and nature connection serve as secular spirituality, aligning with eudaimonic principles. These cases suggest that wealth is secondary to connection.

    A Universal Thread: Connection

    Across cultures, the human experience converges on connection—to self, others, and transcendence. This thread manifests as:

    • Physical Connection: Health and security, from Bhutan’s free healthcare to Scandinavia’s welfare.
    • Mental Connection: Resilience through community (Philippines) or therapy (North America).
    • Spiritual Connection: Purpose via faith (Philippines), nature (Scandinavia), or meditation (Bhutan).

    Esoteric traditions reinforce this. Jung’s individuation integrates the conscious and unconscious self, fostering wholeness (Jung, 1964). Buddhist detachment aligns with eudaimonia by transcending material desires (Rahula, 1974). The Baha’i writings distinguish spiritual happiness—soul growth—from material comfort (Baha’u’llah, 1988). Connection, whether neural, social, or spiritual, is the universal driver of flourishing.

    Summary

    This dissertation reimagines work-life balance as the integration of physical, mental, and spiritual dimensions, challenging material-centric paradigms. Collectivist Philippines prioritizes sacrifice, neglecting mental health, while individualistic North America glorifies achievement, sidelining spiritual connection. Neuroscience reveals how balanced brain networks underpin well-being, supporting practices like mindfulness and community engagement. Culturally tailored interventions—labor protections and mental health campaigns in the Philippines, flexibility and community-building in North America—counter these biases. Eudaimonic flourishing, not happiness or wealth, is the goal, as seen in Bhutan’s GNH and Scandinavia’s social model. Connection—to self, others, and transcendence—emerges as the universal thread, guiding us toward a holistic life.

    Key Takeaways

    1. Triune Balance: Work-life balance requires harmonizing physical, mental, and spiritual dimensions, not just dividing time.
    2. Cultural Biases: Collectivism (Philippines) overemphasizes sacrifice; individualism (North America) prioritizes material gain, distorting balance.
    3. Neuroscientific Basis: Integrated brain networks support well-being, enhanced by mindfulness, connection, and spiritual practices.
    4. Cultural Interventions: Tailored strategies—like mental health destigmatization in the Philippines or community-building in North America—restore balance.
    5. Eudaimonic Flourishing: The ultimate goal is purposeful well-being, not transient happiness or wealth, as seen in Bhutan and Scandinavia.
    6. Universal Connection: Connection to self, others, and transcendence drives flourishing across cultures.

    Conclusion

    Work-life balance is not a clock to be managed but a harmony to be cultivated. By recognizing our physical, mental, and spiritual nature, we can transcend cultural biases that prioritize material gain or sacrifice. The Philippines and North America illustrate how culture magnifies imbalance, yet both offer strengths—community in one, autonomy in the other—that can be leveraged for integration. Neuroscience and spiritual traditions converge on connection as the key to eudaimonic flourishing, a state where wealth, fame, or even happiness are secondary to purpose. Bhutan and Scandinavia show that prioritizing connection over accumulation unlocks fulfillment, regardless of resources. This dissertation calls for a paradigm shift: from chasing external markers to nurturing our whole selves. Individuals, organizations, and societies must act—through policy, education, and practice—to make this vision real, forging a world where balance is not a luxury but a birthright.

    Suggested Crosslinks

    Glossary

    • Eudaimonic Well-Being: A state of flourishing rooted in purpose, meaning, and virtue, distinct from hedonic pleasure.
    • Hedonic Treadmill: The tendency to return to a baseline level of happiness despite gains or losses, driven by rising expectations.
    • Kapwa:A Filipino concept of shared identity, emphasizing interdependence and collective well-being.
    • Gross National Happiness (GNH): Bhutan’s development framework prioritizing spiritual, cultural, and ecological well-being over material wealth.
    • Hygge:A Danish concept of cozy togetherness, fostering comfort and connection.
    • Individuation: Jung’s process of integrating conscious and unconscious aspects of the self to achieve wholeness.

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    Attribution

    With fidelity to the Oversoul, may this Living Archive serve as bridge, remembrance, and seed for the planetary dawn.

    Ⓒ 2025 Gerald Alba Daquila – Flameholder of SHEYALOTH | Keeper of the Living Codices

    Issued under Oversoul Appointment, governed by Akashic Law. This transmission is a living Oversoul field: for the eyes of the Flameholder first, and for the collective in right timing. It may only be shared intact, unaltered, and with glyphs, seals, and attribution preserved. Those not in resonance will find it closed; those aligned will receive it as living frequency.

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